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  3. In 1930, when the world was "suffering from a bad attack of economic pessimism", John Maynard Keynes wrote a broadly optimistic

In 1930, when the world was "suffering from a bad attack of economic pessimism", John Maynard Keynes wrote a broadly optimistic

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问题     In 1930, when the world was "suffering from a bad attack of economic pessimism", John Maynard Keynes wrote a broadly optimistic essay, "Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren". It imagined a middle way between revolution and stagnation that would leave the grandchildren a great deal richer than their grandparents. But the path was not without dangers.
    One of the worries Keynes admitted was a "new disease": "technological unemployment due to our discovery of means of economising the use of labour outrunning the pace at which we can find new uses for labour." His readers might not have heard of the problem, he suggested—but they were certain to hear a lot more about it in the years to come.
    For the most part, they did not. Nowadays, the majority of economists confidently wave such worries away. By raising productivity, they argue, any automation which economises on the use of labour will increase incomes. That will generate demand for new products and services, which will in turn create new jobs for displaced workers. To think otherwise has meant being tarred a Luddite—the name taken by 19th-century textile workers who smashed the machines taking their jobs.
    For much of the 20th century, those arguing that technology brought ever more jobs and prosperity looked to have the better of the debate. Real incomes in Britain scarcely doubled between the beginning of the common era and 1570. They then tripled from 1570 to 1875. And they more than tripled from 1875 to 1975. Industrialisation did not end up eliminating the need for human workers. On the contrary, it created employment opportunities sufficient to absorb the 20th century’s exploding population. Keynes’ vision of everyone in the 2030s being a lot richer is largely achieved. His belief they would work just 15 hours or so a week has not come to pass.
What is the main idea of the text?
选项 A、Machine will be the future.
B、Technology delivers more employment.
C、Technological unemployment will long exist.
D、Economic depression leads to unemployment.
答案B
解析 文章第一段通过讨论“如何让我们的子孙更富裕"指出：该过程可能有风险，其中一个就是technological unemployment，从而引出第二段关于“科技导致失业”的讨论；而第三、四两段通过讨论表明，科技并不会导致失业，反而会创造更多就业机会，从而引出文章讨论的主题：科技产生更多就业机会，故选项B正确。
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