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  3. It is commonly assumed that even if some forgeries have aesthetic merit, no forgery has as much as an original by the imitated a

It is commonly assumed that even if some forgeries have aesthetic merit, no forgery has as much as an original by the imitated a

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问题     It is commonly assumed that even if some forgeries have aesthetic merit, no forgery has as much as an original by the imitated artist would. Yet even the most prominent art specialists can be duped by a talented artist turned forger into mistaking an almost perfect forgery for an original. For instance, artist Han van Meegeren’ s The Disciples at Emmaus(1937)—painted under the forged signature of the acclaimed Dutch master Jan Vermeer(1632 — 1675)—attracted lavish praise from experts as one of Vermeer’s finest works. The painting hung in a Rotterdam museum until 1945, when, to the great embarrassment of the critics; van Meegeren revealed its origin. Astonishingly, there was at least one highly reputed critic who persisted in believing it to be a Vermeer even after van Meegeren’s confession.
    Given the experts’ initial enthusiasm, some philosophers argue that van Meegeren’s painting must have possessed aesthetic characteristics that, in a Vermeer original, would have justified the critics’ plaudits. Van Meegeren’ s Emmaus thus raises difficult questions regarding the status of superbly executed forgeries. Is a forgery inherently inferior as art? How are we justified, if indeed we are, in revising downwards our critical assessment of a work unmasked as a forgery? Philosopher of art Alfred Lessing proposes convincing answers to these questions.
    A forged work is indeed inferior as art, Lessing argues, but not because of a shortfall in aesthetic qualities strictly defined, that is to say, in the qualities perceptible on the picture’ s surface. For example, in its composition, its technique, and its brilliant use of color, van Meegeren’s work is flawless, even beautiful. Lessing argues instead that the deficiency lies in what might be called the painting’s intangible qualities. All art, explains Lessing, involves technique, but not all art involves origination of a new vision, and originality of vision is one of the fundamental qualities by which artistic, as opposed purely aesthetic, accomplishment is measured. Thus Vermeer is acclaimed for having inaugurated, in the seventeenth century, a new way of seeing, and pioneering techniques for embodying this new way of seeing through distinctive treatment of light, color, and form.
    Even if we grant that van Meegeren, with his undoubted mastery of Vermeer’ s innovative techniques, produced an aesthetically superior painting, he did so about three centuries after Vermeer developed the techniques in question. Whereas Vermeer’ s origination of these techniques in the seventeenth century represents a truly impressive and historic achievement, van Meegeren’s production of The Disciples at Emmaus in the twentieth century presents nothing new or creative to the history of art. Van Meegeren’s forgery therefore, for all its aesthetic merits, lacks the historical significance that makes Vermeer’s work artistically great.
The word "dupe"(Line 2, Paragraph 1)is closest in meaning to______.
选项 A、condemn
B、persuade
C、dishonor
D、deceive
答案D
解析 本题考查考生对生词意思的理解。Dupe一词出现在第一段的第二句。该段的第一句指出一般来说赝品不具有和原始艺术品一样多的审美价值，紧接着第二句出现转折，“Yet”表示转折，尽管这样，即使是最杰出的艺术鉴赏家也可能被一个有才华的艺术家所______而错误地把一个几乎完美的赝品当作真品。可见，划线处应该是欺骗的意思。第二句的用语暗示了此处“欺骗”的意思：“themost prominent art specialists”最杰出的艺术鉴赏家，“mistaking”误以为，因此选择[D]。[A]、[B]、[C]均是命题人故意设置的干扰选项，用来迷惑考生，均不正确。
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