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  3. Though experts were quick to declare that the election of Barack Obama represented the emergence of a "post-racial" America, the

Though experts were quick to declare that the election of Barack Obama represented the emergence of a "post-racial" America, the

admin2022-08-04  61
问题     Though experts were quick to declare that the election of Barack Obama represented the emergence of a "post-racial" America, the macro-economy has provided a corrective. During the American economy’s last deep recession, in the early 1980s, black unemployment soared to twice the level among whites, passing 21％ in 1983. And according to the latest data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, time has changed little. The current unemployment rate among black Americans is almost 16％; among whites the figure is under 10％.
    The widening gap between blacks and whites persists across demographic lines. The current "mances-sion" has hit male-dominated professions hardest. But white men face a relatively mild unemployment rate of just over 10％ compared with over 18％ among black men. For the worst-off, the data are catastrophic. Among young black men without a high-school diploma, nearly half have no jobs. These rates are based on a labor-force number which excludes those in prison; if there were not five times as many blacks behind bars as whites, the figures would look even worse.
    There is no shortage of explanations for the gap. States with weaker labor markets, like South Carolina and Michigan, also tend to have larger black populations than low-unemployment states like Iowa and Montana. Predominantly black neighborhoods are often a long way from where jobs are concentrated, in largely white suburbs, so those without cars cannot get to them.
    Blacks are also at a disadvantage when it comes to relying on friends and family connections to find jobs; there is not the same network of family businesses that whites and Latinos have. Some studies have found that this factor may explain as much as 70％ of the difference in black and white unemployment rates, and may also explain the difference between black and Latino jobless rates. Among young men, for instance, the near-20％ Hispanic unemployment rate is much closer to that for whites (17％) than blacks (30％).
    What is clear is that the unemployment problem in black communities will not end with the recession. The employment-to-population ratio among black adults is only just above 50％, and it is closer to a shocking 40％ for young black men; for adult whites it is 59％. Black workers are also unemployed for about five weeks longer, on average, than the rest of the population. Some 45％ of unemployed blacks have been out of work for 27 weeks or longer, compared with just 36％ of unemployed whites. That means continued loss of skills, and a longer and harder road back into the workforce.
It can be inferred that the blacks suffer from ________.
选项 A、a poor geographic position
B、a mild unemployment rate
C、female-dominated professions
D、a large prison population
答案D
解析 本题可根据各选项的内容分别定位，将内容与原文对照，辨别真伪。D项可定位到第二段最后一句：如果不是黑人服刑人数比白人多五倍，数据会比现在更糟。该句使用虚拟语气，可见事实情况是黑人服刑人员比白人多很多，故D项为正确答案。对于A项，由poor position定位至第三段最后一句，该句所说的“居住偏僻”是指黑人区往往离工作区较远，这并非地理概念上的偏远，故排除；B项根据mild可定位到第二段第三句，原文说的是相对黑人，白人的失业率不算严重，而B项说的却是黑人的失业率不算严重，张冠李戴，故排除；对于C项，由female-dominated professions定位到第二段第二句和第三句，“男性衰退”对男性主导行业的打击造成的失业并非黑人面临的主要问题。也并不是造成黑人与白人失业差距的主要原因，所以C项是错误的。
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