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  3. While we’ve known for some time about the many long-term benefits of exercise, new research shows aerobic exercise also may have

While we’ve known for some time about the many long-term benefits of exercise, new research shows aerobic exercise also may have

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问题     While we’ve known for some time about the many long-term benefits of exercise, new research shows aerobic exercise also may have considerable effects on aging and brain health in the short term. A new study says exercise can help older adults improve their memory and overall cognitive health as they【C1】________.
    Researchers at the Center for BrainHealth studied a group of 37 adults ages 57 to 75【C2】________inactive lifestyles. They were【C3】________two groups, one control group and one physically active group. The fitness group spent one hour a day, three times a week, either bicycling or jogging【C4】________the course of 12 weeks.
    Each participant was【C5】________before, after and halfway through the study on their overall brain【C6】________and the fitness level of heart and blood vessel. At all three checkpoints, the group that was physically active was found to have higher blood flow in the brain and also improved memory. Researchers【C7】________this to increased blood flow in certain regions of the brain concerning memory.
    "Science has shown that aging【C8】________mental efficiency and memory decline is the number one cognitive【C9】________of older adults," lead author Sandra Bond Chapman said in a statement. "This research shows the【C10】________benefit of aerobic exercise on a person’s memory and demonstrates that aerobic exercise can reduce both the biological and cognitive【C11】________of aging."
    There are hundreds of benefits of exercise at any age【C12】________, for older adults, the affects are especially astonishing. Another study in 2006 showed that exercise not only improved brain performance but【C13】________increased brain volume in older adults.
    Researchers say the best part about the【C14】________findings is that aerobic exercise is low-cost and accessible to anyone,【C15】________is packed with benefits. Exercise can help lower blood pressure, help【C16】________your hormone levels, and even shorten hot flashes.
    But to【C17】________maximum benefits from an exercise regime, Chapman says it’s important to also get plenty of mental stimulation. "To think we can【C18】________and improve the basic structure of the【C19】________brain through aerobic exercise and complex thinking should【C20】________us to challenge our thinking and get moving at any age," Chapman said.
【C8】
选项 A、improves
B、lessens
C、decreases
D、alters
答案C
解析 此空格需填入一个动词作宾语从句的谓语，其主语是宾语是aging(衰老)，宾语是mental efficiency(大脑效率)。and后并列的内容谈论记忆力衰退(memory decline)与老年人(older adults)的关系，说明衰老是会导致记忆力下降的，故选C项decreases“降低”，排除A项improves“改善”。B项lessens指数目、程度等的减少，不能与mental efficiency构成合理的动宾关系。D项alters“改变”，没有指明是变好还是变差，无法与memory decline语义呼应。
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