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  3. People who question or even look down on the study of the past and its works usually assume that the past is entirely different

People who question or even look down on the study of the past and its works usually assume that the past is entirely different

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问题     People who question or even look down on the study of the past and its works usually assume that the past is entirely different from the present, and that hence we can learn nothing worthwhile from the past. But it is not true that the past is entirely different from the present. We can learn much of value from its similarity and its difference.
    A tremendous change in the conditions of human life and in our knowledge and control of the natural world has taken place since ancient times. The ancients could not, however, see in advance our contemporary technical and social environment, and hence have no advice to offer us about the particular problems facing us. But, although social and economic arrangements vary with time and place, man still remains man. We and the ancients share a common human nature and hence certain common human experiences and problems.
    The poets bear witness that ancient man, too, saw the sun rise and set, felt the wind on his cheek, was possessed by love and desire, experienced joy and excitement as well as frustration and disappointment, and knew good and evil. The ancient poets speak across the centuries to us, sometimes more directly and vividly than our contemporary writers. And the ancient prophets and philosophers, in dealing with the basic problems of men living together in society, still have something to say to us.
    We also learn from the past by considering the respects in which it differs from the present. We can discover where we are today and what we have become by knowing what the people of the past did and thought. And part of the past—our personal past and that of the race—always lives in us.
Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
选项 A、Our present has little in common with the past.
B、Past human experiences can be used to serve the present.
C、Some people in the past predicted things in our age accurately.
D、Our present age is basically similar to the past one.
答案B
解析 主旨题。文中第一段讲到，过去与现在并非完全不同。从两者的相似及差异之处我们可以借鉴许多有价值的地方。第二段又说，我们与古人有着共同的本性，因而也会分享某些人类共有的体验和问题。最后一段又讲到，通过思考过去与现在各个方面的不同之处，我们也可以从过去获益良多。通过了解过往人们的所做所想，我们可以认识到今天我们所处的位置和过去所经历的一切。据此可知，本文的主旨是人类过去的经历可为现在所借鉴。所以正确答案是B。
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