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  3. Joseph Glatthaar’s Forged in Battle is not the first excellent study of Black soldiers and their White officers in the Civil War

Joseph Glatthaar’s Forged in Battle is not the first excellent study of Black soldiers and their White officers in the Civil War

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问题     Joseph Glatthaar’s Forged in Battle is not the first excellent study of Black soldiers and their White officers in the Civil War, but it uses more soldiers’ letters and diaries—including rare material from Black soldiers—and concentrates more intensely on Black-White relations in Black regiments than do any of its predecessors. Glatthaar’s title ex- presses his thesis: loyalty, friendship, and respect among White officers and Black soldiers were fostered by the mutual dangers they faced in combat.
    Glatthaar accurately describes the government’s discriminatory treatment of Black soldiers in pay, promotion, medical care, and job assignments, appropriately emphasizing the campaign by Black soldiers and their officers to get the opportunity to fight. That chance remained limited throughout the war by army policies that kept most Black units serving in rear-echelon assignments and working in labor battalions. Thus, while their combat death rate was only one-third that of White units, their mortality rate from disease, a major killer in this war, was twice as great. Despite these obstacles, the courage and effectiveness of several Black units in combat won increasing respect from initially skeptical or hostile White soldiers. As one White officer put it, "they have fought their way into the respect of all the army. "
    In trying to demonstrate the magnitude of this attitudinal change, however, Glatthaar seems to exaggerate the prewar racism of the White men who became officers in Black regiments. "Prior to the war," he writes of these men, "virtually all of them held powerful racial prejudices." While perhaps true of those officers who joined Black units for promotion or other self-serving motives, this statement misrepresents the attitudes of the many abolitionists who became officers in Black regiments. Having spent years fighting against the race prejudice endemic in American society, they participated eagerly in this military experiment, which they hoped would help African Americans achieve freedom and postwar civil equality. By current standards of racial egalitarian-ism , these men’ s paternalism toward African Americans was racist. But to call their feelings "powerful racial prejudices" is to indulge in generational chau- vinism—to judge past eras by present standards.
The author of the passage quotes the White officer in lines 33 — 35 primarily in order to provide evidence to support the contention that
选项 A、virtually all White officers initially had hostile attitudes toward Black soldiers.
B、Black soldiers were often forced to defend themselves from physical attacks initiated by soldiers from White units.
C、the combat performance of Black units changed the attitudes of White soldiers toward Black soldiers.
D、White units paid especially careful attention to the performance of Black units in battle.
E、respect in the army as a whole was accorded only to those units, whether Black or White, that performed well in battle.
答案C
解析 L33—35引一位白人军官的话是为了证明哪个观点?A．实际上所有白人军官起初都对黑人士兵有敌意。这是作者反对的观点。B．“physical attacks”文中无。C．正确。黑人军团的战场表现改变了白人士兵对黑人士兵的看法。D．“paid especially careful attention”原文无。E．对军队的尊敬只根据战场表现。和此处无关。
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