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It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases

admin2019-05-15  49
问题    It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.
   Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only "remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involving any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat.
   Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100, 000 "words"—ready for instant use. An average U. S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100, 000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.
   The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person’ s memory is in terms of words and combinations of words.
The whole passage implies that______.
选项 A、only human beings have problem-solving intelligence
B、a person’ s memory is different from a computer’ s in every respect
C、animals are able to solve only very simple problems
D、animals solve problems by instincts rather than intelligence
答案C
解析 推理题。根据第二段第三句可知，一只老鼠在粮食堆里嗅到记忆中的可疑味道就不再吃粮食了，可以推断出选项C(动物能够解决些简单问题)正确，同时可以排除选项A(只有人类有解决问题的能力)。根据第三段可知，文中只比较了计算机和人脑的存储能力的大小，并未提及其他方面，所以排除选项B(人的记忆与计算机的存储在所有方面都是不同的)。选项D(动物解决问题靠本能而非智慧)文中未提及。故本题选C。
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