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  3. 　　Everyone knows that the average human body temperature is 37°C—but everyone is wrong. It turns out that the bodies of people i

　　Everyone knows that the average human body temperature is 37°C—but everyone is wrong. It turns out that the bodies of people i

admin2021-12-24  30
问题 　　Everyone knows that the average human body temperature is 37°C—but everyone is wrong. It turns out that the bodies of people in the US have been cooling since the 1860s.
　　Physicians studying body temperature have known for decades that 37°C was too high, says Julie Parsonnet at Stanford University in California, "But they’ve always thought that it was just measurement error in the past, not because temperature had actually dropped."
　　To find out what really happened, Parsonnet and her team combined three data sets. The first set covered nearly 24,000 UnionArmyveterans (老兵) from the American Civil War, whose temperatures were measured between 1860 and 1940. The other two ranged from 1971 to 1975 and from 2007 to 2017. In total, the team analyzed more than 677,000 temperature measurements.
　　On average, US body temperature has declined by 0. 03°C per decade. Body temperatures of men born in the early 19th century were 0.59°C higher than those of men today. Women’s average temperature has dropped by 0.32°C compared with that of women born in the 1890s. That means average body temperature today is about 36.6°C , not 37 C as it is widely thought.
　　The change isn’t simply the result of older thermometers(温度计)being unreliable. We know this because the cooling trend is visible within the more modern data sets, in which the thermometers were probably more accurate.
　　"The most likely explanation in my view is that, microbiologically, we’re very different people than we were," says Parsonnet. People have fewer infections, thanks to vaccines and antibiotics, so our immune systems are less active and our body tissues less inflamed(发炎).
It is less likely for people to get infected because of_________.
选项 A、climate changes
B、environment pollution
C、vaccines and antibiotics
D、better thermometers
答案C
解析 本题考查细节。根据题干中的“get infected”定位到文中的最后“People have fewer infections，thanks to vaccines and antibiotics，50 our immune system s are less active and our body tissues less inflamed(发炎)．”这句话意为“由于疫苗和抗生素，人们被感染的几率降低，所以我们的免疫系统越来越不活跃，我们的身体组织发炎也越来越少。”可以得知，人们感染减少主要是由于疫苗和抗生素，所以选C．vaccines and antibiotics．
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