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  3. The opportunity costs of choosing a job are especially important to college students. There is a kind of triangular relationship

The opportunity costs of choosing a job are especially important to college students. There is a kind of triangular relationship

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问题     The opportunity costs of choosing a job are especially important to college students. There is a kind of triangular relationship between part-time work or work in a 【S1】______ job market, work in a primary job market, and a college education.
    Secondary-market jobs are those with low pay, high turnover, little required skill, and little training by employers, such as waiting on tables, pumping gas, or clerking in stores. Primary-market jobs are those involving skill, investment by employers in training, higher pay, avenues(途径) for promotion, career 【S2】______ for employees, and low turnover.
    Frequently, college students take jobs in secondary markets because primary-market jobs require more time than 【S3】______ to a college education will permit. One college student (we’ll call him Kirk) took a night job as a security guard in a 【S4】______ plant so that he could spend some of the time studying. The job required little skill or training. The company’s executives knew Kirk, realized that he was management 【S5】______ , and were ready to promote him to a "primary" job. Kirk preferred to stay where he was in order to finish college.
    The opportunity cost of Kirk’s going to college can therefore be estimated as the 【S6】______ of his college expenses plus the extra income he lost by staying in his security-guard job (rather than taking a better-paying job) plus the chances of 【S7】______ he may also have lost. Economists have estimated that half of the cost of going to college is in the 【S8】______ of lost earnings (often called forgone income). Or, to 【S9】______ it another way, the true cost of going to college is double the money costs to students, parents, or taxpayers. Most economists believe that the college degree is worth it, and that investing in one’s education has higher return than earned by savings accounts or by financial investments like stocks and 【S10】______ .

A) form               B) put            C) alter              D) secondary
E) promotion          F) material       G) bonds              H) reinforcing
I) commitment         J) sum            K) minor              L) possibilities
M) figures            N) motivation     O) manufacturing
【S2】
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大学英语四级

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