首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Science and science funding have enjoyed a good run over the past 20 years or so. During the unusually long economic boom after
Science and science funding have enjoyed a good run over the past 20 years or so. During the unusually long economic boom after
admin
2016-10-15
68
问题
Science and science funding have enjoyed a good run over the past 20 years or so. During the unusually long economic boom after the end of the cold war, governments of all political stripes have accepted the argument that it is in their interest to support "the best science". Something like a global consensus has emerged on the value of curiosity-driven, basic research. The predominant argument behind this consensus has been the belief that excellent science—of whatever discipline—is likely to spur innovation, which will in turn foster economic growth.
At the same time, direct government sponsorship of technology development has fallen
out of vogue
. Considerable expenditure continues, of course, and if the military sphere is included, it still dwarfs the resources devoted to basic science. But the idea of explicit state support for the development of drugs or circuit boards or civilian airliners has been pretty well driven off the table. There has been an assumption—even in comparatively centrist nations such as France and Japan—that governments aren’t good at "picking winners".
This particular era of science and technology policy may now be drawing to a close. Even before last week’s juddering stock markets sparked talk about a possible U. S. , or even global, recession, policymakers in industrialized countries were watching the flight of much industrial production to China and India with intensifying alarm.
As a result, the word "competitiveness" is back on the agenda, particularly in the United States.
When political leaders look at research budgets in the light of competitiveness, they are always prone to be more drawn to the direct support of innovation through technology programmes, than to its indirect support, through basic science. Asa result, they may start asking questions that are inherently difficult for scientists to answer, such as, what will be the economic spin-off from this work? What are we getting for our money?
These questions are currently being posed most directly in the United Kingdom, where the research councils, which support most university science, seem to be undergoing a subtle change of direction. Some scientist groups are already nervous about a paper, "Increasing the economic impact of the research councils", that was published in January by the councils’ steering group.
There is a risk that this process could result in perceived economic relevance displacing scientific merit, to a significant extent, as the determining factor in the selection of research-council grants. Before that happens, it would be reassuring if the leaders of the research councils emphatically reiterated that their primary function is to promote scientific excellence—and that they will best support Britain’s national interests, economic and otherwise, by doing exactly that.
The phrase "out of vogue"(Line 1, Paragraph 2)most probably means______.
选项
A、obsolete
B、universal
C、unpopular
D、unwanted
答案
C
解析
根据上下文,第二段第一句中的“direct government sponsorship of technology development hasfallen out of vogue”意思是“政府直接资助发展技术已不多见”,所以,C应为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/fToZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Howsoonyourperformancewillberatedmayinfluencehowwellyoudo,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalPsychol
ThequestforwisdomisasoldasSocrates,butit’salsoanup-to-the-minuteeconomicindicator.Acontrarianone:whenthingsa
Fordecades,ferryboatscrossedthecoldwatersofMichigan’sStraitsofMackinac,shuttlingpeopleandvehiclesbetweenthetw
Whatisawomanworth?Thatisthequestionthathastobefacedbydivorcingcouplesandbytheirlawyers.Theanswersseemto
OntheheelsofElNino,itsopposite,LaNinamaysoonarrive.InaWeeklyUpdate,scientistsattheNOAAClimatePredictionCe
Partlyduetoahistoricaldevelopmentmarkedbyworldwidecolonialism,urbanization,andglobalization,inthecourseofthisc
Itwasjustafootnotecomparedwiththemoreinfectiousdisasterthatkilledmillionsmorepeoplein1918,butthe1957influen
Newspapersarebecomingmorebalancedbusinesses,withahealthiermixofrevenuesfromreadersandadvertisers.Americanpapers
"MoneyMattersonCampus"isarecentlyreleasedstudyonfinancialliteracyamongyoungadults.Itsupportsprovidingstudents
Formostofhumanhistoryrichpeoplehadthemostleisure.Ontheotherhand,thepoorhavetypicallyworkedpersistently.Hans
随机试题
禅宗是中国佛教史上最后一个学派,“_____”这一个字就成了佛教和佛学的同义词。
用机器语言编写的程序执行速度较慢,用高级语言编写的程序执行速度快。()
Heofferedto______.herahand,forthesuitcasewastooheavyforhertocarry.
A.Na+B.K+C.Ca2+D.C1-当神经细胞处于静息电位时,电化学驱动力最大的离子是
腺垂体功能减退症患者宜进食
建筑密封材料根据组成材料可分为()。
程序教学是基于操作性条件反射和积极强化的原理而设计的教学模式。()
不等式|2x—1|+k+1|>2的解集为()。
根据下图所给的条件,4个孩子与4位爸爸的对应关系正确的是
【F1】Breathingparticulate-laden(akasmoggy)airmaybehardeningyourarteriesfasterthannormal,accordingtoresearchpublishe
最新回复
(
0
)