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  3. The brain is a seemingly endless library, whose shelves house our most precious memories as well as our lifetime’s knowledge. Bu

The brain is a seemingly endless library, whose shelves house our most precious memories as well as our lifetime’s knowledge. Bu

admin2020-01-09  26
问题     The brain is a seemingly endless library, whose shelves house our most precious memories as well as our lifetime’s knowledge. But is there a point where it reaches capacity?
    The answer is no, because brains are more sophisticated than that. Instead of just crowding in, old information is sometimes pushed out of the brain for new memories to form.
    Previous behavioural studies have shown that learning new information can lead to forgetting. But in a new study, researchers demonstrated for the first time how this effect occurs in the brain.
    In daily life, forgetting actually has clear advantages. Imagine, for instance, that you lost your bank card. The new card you receive will come with a new personal identification number (PIN). Each time you remember the new PIN, you gradually forget the old one. This process improves access to relevant information, without old memories interfering.
    And most of us may sometimes feel the frustration of having old memories interfere with new, relevant memories. Consider trying to remember where you parked your car in the same car park you were at a week earlier. This type of memory (where you are trying to remember new, but similar information) is particularly vulnerable to interference.
    When we acquire new information, the brain automatically tries to incorporate (合并) it within existing information by forming associations. And when we retrieve (检索) information, both the desired and associated but irrelevant information is recalled.
    The majority of previous research has focused on how we learn and remember new information. But current studies are beginning to place greater emphasis on the conditions under which we forget, as its importance begins to be more appreciated.
    A very small number of people are able to remember almost every detail of their life. While it may sound like an advantage to many, people with this rare condition often find their unusual ability burdensome.
    In a sense, forgetting is our brain’s way of sorting memories, so the most relevant memories are ready for retrieval. Normal forgetting may even be a safety mechanism to ensure our brain doesn’t become too full.
What is the emphasis of current studies of memory?
选项 A、When people tend to forget.
B、What contributes to forgetting.
C、How new technology hinders memory capacity.
D、Why learning and forgetting are complementary.
答案B
解析 推理题。第七段最后一句指出，现在的研究开始把重点放在遗忘的条件上，因为它的重要性开始受到重视。由此可推断出，当前记忆研究的重点是什么情况会导致遗忘，故答案为B。原文未涉及遗忘容易发生的时间，故排除A项。原文未涉及新技术的话题，故排除C项。原文未涉及学习和遗忘的话题，故排除D项。
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