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  3. Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by

Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by

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问题    Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply."
   Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe(衣柜). "Your memory itself isn’t failing you," says Schacter. "Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed."
   Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago, "says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox "Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment. and memory relies on just that.
   Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Schacter. "But be sure the cue is clear and available, "he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table--don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
   Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.
What is the passage mainly about?
选项 A、The process of gradual memory loss.
B、The cause of absent-mindedness.
C、The impact of tile environment on memory.
D、A way of encoding and recalling.
答案B
解析 主旨归纳题。主旨考题的解答需要考生恰当把握全文的内容，从而加以概括。当然最明显的提示有两点：一是第一段第一、二行：“Most episodes of absent-mindedness…are caused by a simple lack of attention，”；另一个是第三段第一行“Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness．”由此，我们可以归纳出其主旨为B。
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