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  3. A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get

A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get

admin2012-02-02  91
问题     A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone. By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.
The authors also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, with passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident
    Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with "really stupid behavior" than with just a lack of driving experience. "The basic issue," He says, "is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is. "
    Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使......缓解) the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
    Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies. About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers. California is the strictest, with a novice (新手) driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20 (with-out the presence of an adult over 25) for the first six months. (311 words)
Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
选项 A、Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p. m.
B、A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
C、Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
D、A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.
答案B
解析 本题属于推断题。关于驾车危险性问题，在文章开头举的几个例子中有充分的说明。第一个例子说一个16岁的司机搭载3、4名乘客时，其发生致命事故的可能性是他单独驾车时的3倍，第二个例子说青少年在晚上10点以后驾车的死亡率大幅上升；车内同时又有乘客的话，则发生致死事故的可能性会更高。把这道题的几个选项和上面的例子进行对比就可以找到正确答案。本文谈论的是未成年驾车者的问题，因此A和C被否定，从第一段和第二段内容综合来看，其事故原因有二：一是驾车时有搭载乘客，二是午夜后容易出事故，因此B为最佳选项。
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