2. 外语
  3. Stock market can bring a fortune to people. However, it can also take away everything from you overnight. Many individuals think

Stock market can bring a fortune to people. However, it can also take away everything from you overnight. Many individuals think

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问题     Stock market can bring a fortune to people. However, it can also take away everything from you overnight. Many individuals think of investing in the stock market as being similar to gambling. When they think of the stock market this way, they miss one big point: A gambler has a negative expected return, while an investor has a positive expected return. Over time, the more money that an individual gambles at a casino, the more money she will lose. In investing, the more money that an individual commits to long-term investing, the more money that the individual will make because the odds are on the side of the investor. Historically, stocks have returned about 10 percent before taxes. People who view the stock market like a casino tend to act like spectators, trading in and out of stocks every few months, or in extreme cases, every few days.
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答案 股市可以使人暴富，也可使人一夜之间倾家荡产。许多人将股市投资视作赌博。假如他们这么想就会忽视极为重要的一点：赌博者会亏损，而投资者则有所赢利。随着时间的流逝，在赌场上，所下赌注愈大，亏损愈重。在投资上，长线投资愈多，回报愈大，因为机会掌握在投资者手中。从历史上看，股市的回报率为税前的10%左右。将股市视作赌场的人，往往像投机者一样，会在短短几个月内购进并抛出；更为极端的，买进后甚至数日内就抛出。
解析     (1)Many individuals think of investing in the stock market as being similar to gambling. 此句中动词短语think of...as意为“把……看做；将……视为”。
    句中的动名词结构investing in stock market as being similar to gambling为介词of的宾语。
    stock market股市
    similar to意为“类似于……的；与……相似”。
    本句可译为：“很多人将股市投资视为赌博。”
    或：“很多人认为在股市投资就像赌博一样。”
    (2) A gambler has a negative expected return, while an investor has a positive expected return一句中while有让步含义，作“而”解。
    negative adj. 否定的，消极的，负的，阴性的
    negative expected return亏本
    positive expected return赢利
    本句可译为：“赌博者会亏损，而投资者则会有所赢利。”
    (3)In investing, the more money that an individual commits to long-term investing, the more money that the individual will make because the odds are on the side of the investor. 此句的主要句架为：the more...the more...because...
    句中包含两个定语从句money that an individual commits to long-term investing...及money that the individual will make...
    commit有“把……交托给；付诸；提交；答应负责；委托”等意。
    long-term adj. 意为：“长期的”。
    odds文中为名词，有“机会；可能性；可能的机会”等意，又如：
    The odds are against us. 我们没有成功的机会。
    The odds are in their favor. 他们有成功的可能。
    本句可译为：“在投资上，长线投资愈多，回报愈大，因为机会掌握在投资者手中。”
    (4) Historically, stocks have returned about 10 per cent before taxes.
    副词Historically放在句首修饰整句话，意为“在历史上”，类似结构如：
    Scientifically, the concept of intelligence is a rather complex issue. 在科学上，智力的概念是一个非常复杂的问题。
    Essentially, television is a passive medium, while computer is interactive. 从实质上说，电视是一种被动的媒介，而电脑则是互动的。
    (5) People who view the stock market like a casino tend to act like spectators, trading in and out of stocks every few months, or in extreme cases, every few days. 此句包含一个who引导的定语从句，其主要句架为：People(who...)tend to act like spectators...翻译时可将定语从句处理为汉语的“的”字结构前置。
    此外，句中的现在分词结构trading in and out of Stocks every few months, or in extreme cases, every few days作伴随状语，修饰整句话。
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