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  3. During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30th percentile of the income distribution have essentially been fl

During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30th percentile of the income distribution have essentially been fl

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问题     During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30th percentile of the income distribution have essentially been flat, while wages for the poorest 10 percent of workers have fallen. At all income levels, women earn less on average than men do.
    Since wages for the lowest income group have fallen while wages at the highest income group have grown, income inequality has also increased. However, while there’s lots of talk about the adverse consequences of growing income inequality, it’ s really poverty, not income inequality, that’ s the problem. And, poverty is a particularly big problem for women and girls, who make up more than half the people living in poverty.
    Poverty has harmful consequences for women. Economist Barry Bosworth at the Brookings Institution looked at life expectancy for people who have reached age 55 and found that, for example, a 55-year-old woman at the bottom of the income distribution can expect to live a decade less— eighty years rather than ninety—than a woman of the same age at the top of the income distribution. These consequences are getting worse over time for low-income women. As Bosworth’ s research paper reported, while life expectancy generally increases over time, that’ s not the case for low-income women. A woman bora in 1940 who is at the bottom of the income distribution has seen her life expectancy shrink by 2.1 years relative to the same low-income women born 20 years earlier.
    A good way to raise the wages of women is to raise the education levels of women. The more educated a woman is, the more income she earns. Economist David Autor of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found that the median woman with a college degree earned about $23, 000 more a year than a woman who terminated her education once she earned her high school diploma.
    There’ s a another way to increase wages. According to the Economic Policy Institute, there are some unpleasant explanations for low wages. Some employers inappropriately classify workers as independent contractors and some employers engage in "wage theft." Government is trying best to do something about this. "Wage theft" occurs when employers do things like pay less than the minimum wage, don’ t pay overtime rates, and require unpaid work, and seems to be a wide-spread problem. Since women make up two-thirds of workers in amount of service industries—where such problems occur frequently—such as fast-food industry, they’d likely benefit from reduced wage theft.
According to Paragraph 3, which of the following is true?
选项 A、For those women with high-level income, they expect to live to the age of eighty, which is ten years longer than poor women hope.
B、Nowadays although those women with high-level income have longer life expectancy than those poor ones, they will also shrink their expectancy over time.
C、Generally speaking, people’ s life expectancy will get longer over time, but only for those women who earn less than the average.
D、A woman who was born in 1920 and lived in an unsatisfied financial situation has longer life expectancy than the one born twenty years later.
答案D
解析 根据题干关键词定位到第三段。由本段的最后一句“同属于低收人群体，1940年出生的人要比1920年出生的人的期望寿命缩短2．1年”可以推断出D项为正确选项．因为D项实际上就是这句话的同义改写。A项中说收人高的女性的期望寿命是80岁，这与原文信息不符(应该是90岁)，故错误；B项说收入高的女性的期望寿命会随着时间变迁而缩短，这与原文信息不符(原文中提到贫穷的女性，其期望寿命才会随着时间变迁而缩短)，故错误；C项说贫穷的妇女，其期望寿命会随着时间的推移而不断延长，与原文信息不符(不是延长，而是缩短)，故错误。
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