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  3. Queuing is nothing special in Japan. Every day, television programs show long lines of people queuing for up to one hour even in

Queuing is nothing special in Japan. Every day, television programs show long lines of people queuing for up to one hour even in

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问题     Queuing is nothing special in Japan. Every day, television programs show long lines of people queuing for up to one hour even in front of regular noodle shops, only to finish their food within less than ten minutes.
    Why Japanese people queue so often? Do they love it? Probably they do. According to Japanese people, just like an excessively high price can evoke an image of equally high quality, long waiting lines act as an indicator for popularity, reduce availability and increase the subjective value of a good. Thus, for many Japanese customers, waiting lines are probably the most effective advertisement. For example, in an article published in The Japan Times in summer 2007, a Japanese woman confessed that she enjoyed queuing outside shops and restaurants and that she usually joined the line before asking the person in front of her what kind of product was sold. Standing in line also increases and extends anticipation until—yatto!(finally!)—patience is rewarded with the desired product. But when taken to an extreme level, the product one is actually queuing for ceases to be of any importance at all.
    There are also some customers who are unable to queue or who are unwilling to wait, thinking it’ s a waste of time queuing in a line. What could they do? They can rent a queuer who will stand in line and purchase the desired product for them. Obviously, this service is not free of charge. Some service companies who offer all kinds of unusual service provide rentable " queuers". What’ s more, in addition to providing queuers to individuals, the service companies also provide queuers to some shops to increase the image of a hard-to-get product and make customers want to join the line by forming or extending lines. Therefore, waiting lines have become a marketing tool and it would not be surprising to find professional queuers in a line. Some people view it a pure speculation, but they can’ t deny that it really works and the wage of a few professional queuers to keep the line in shape would be a minor investment compared with what would happen if the queue suddenly disappeared.
    However, success is not always guaranteed because the attractiveness of waiting in line can easily backfire if the desired product does not meet expectations.
What is the marketing tool appears in the text?
选项 A、Providing queuers to individuals.
B、Providing queuers to shops.
C、Hiring professional queuers to wait for oneself.
D、Hiring professional queuers to keep a line in shape.
答案D
解析 本题要求考生在通读第三段的基础上进行判断。第三段第六句“What’s more，in addition to providing queuers to individu—als，the service companies also provide queuers to some shops to in—crease the image of a hard—to—get product and make customers wantto join the line by forming or extending lines．(而且，除了向个人提供排队人，这些服务公司还向一些商店提供排队人，通过排队扩大队伍使商店的产品有一个“不易购买”的形象，从而吸引消费者加入到队伍当中。)”是对marketing tool的一个解释。由此可知，所谓的营销手段是指雇用职业排队人在自己商店门前排队，给消费者造成商品不易购买的印象，从而吸引消费者。选项A，B和C均不符合。所以，本题选择D。
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