2. 外语
  3. When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible【C1】______of action open to him; he can give the invention to the worl

When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible【C1】______of action open to him; he can give the invention to the worl

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问题     When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible【C1】______of action open to him; he can give the invention to the world by publishing it, keep the idea【C2】______, or patent it.
   A【C3】______patent is the result of a bargain【C4】______between an inventor and the state, but the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period【C5】______.
   Only the most exceptional circumstances【C6】______the lifespan of a patent【C7】______to alter this normal process of events.
   The longest extension ever【C8】______was to Georges Valensi; his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuit was extended until 1971 because for most of the patent’s normal life there was no color TV to【C9】______and thus no hope for reward for the invention.
   Because a patent remains permanently【C10】______after it has terminated, the shelves of the library attached to the【C11】______office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for anyone to use and, if【C12】______than half a century, sometimes even re-patent. Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone【C13】______to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through【C14】______patents that the one sure way of violation of any other inventor’s fight is to plagiarize a dead patent. Likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form【C15】______invalidates further patents on that idea. It is traditionally【C16】______to take ideas from other areas of print. Much modem technological advance is【C17】______on these presumptions of legal security.
   Anyone closely【C18】______in patents and inventions soon learns that most "new" ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills. It is their reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity or dedication, or through the availability of new technology, 【C19】______makes news and money. The basic patent for the theory for magnetic recording dates back to 1886. Many of the original ideas behind television originate【C20】______the late 19th and early 20th century. Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear.
【C13】
选项 A、wished
B、refusing
C、refused
D、whishing
答案D
解析 空格所在句子大意为：实际上，专利专家们常对______开发有效专利而又避免 高额费用的人提出建议，避免侵犯他人专利权的有效方法就是使用过期专利。各个选项的意 思为：wished“希望，想要”；refusing“拒绝”；refused“拒绝”；wishing“希望”。根据 句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是D。
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