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  3. Following are a graph showing the water consumption in different regions in 2000 and predicting increase in 2050, and an excerpt

Following are a graph showing the water consumption in different regions in 2000 and predicting increase in 2050, and an excerpt

admin2019-11-02  84
问题    Following are a graph showing the water consumption in different regions in 2000 and predicting increase in 2050, and an excerpt offering suggestions for proper water consumption in the future. Read them carefully and write an essay of no less than 300 words, in which you should:
   1. summarize the ideas in both materials;
   2. make suggestions on how China should use its water resources.
   Graph
   
   - OECD: The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international economic organisation of 34 countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade.
   - The BRICS members (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) are all developing or newlv industrialized countries, but they are distinguished by their large, fast-growing economies and significant influence on regional and global affairs.
   Excerpt
                  The Future of Water Requires a Sustainable Path
                        (http://growingblue.com/)
   To be able to adequately feed and support the world’s growing population, our global economy needs to continue to grow. Water is critical to future growth. But it can also become the major limiting factor to growth. For instance, businesses in water-scarce areas are already at risk, and so investors are increasingly taking water supply into consideration during their decision-making processes.
   Given today’s approach to water management, there is only so much growth that can be sustained. Gains in efficiency and productivity in water management and utilization can reduce these risks and enable higher levels of sustainable growth, but how much higher? How far-reaching do those gains have to be?
   The answers lie in examining current demand and supply pressures and looking at trends within each. Demand pressures include population growth and an increase in water-intensive diets as a portion of the population moves into increasingly higher water-consumption behaviors. Demand pressures also include growing urban, domestic and industrial water usage. Climate change plays a role by creating additional water demand for agriculture and for reservoir replenishment.
   In nearly every one of these categories, trends are moving in the exact opposite direction necessary to sustain future growth. Taken together, these trends create "water stress." And the resulting ecosystem pressures along with economic and political conflict only exacerbate that stress.
   Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
选项
答案 Water is critical to the survival and development of mankind. Therefore, it is imperative that we examine the current and projected water consumption worldwide and draw up a corresponding guideline. According to the information provided by OECD, by 2050, water consumption worldwide will increase by 2000km3, and most of the increase is from BRICS countries. Besides, agriculture, electricity, manufacturing, and domestic use will remain top water consumers. The information in the chart finds echo in the excerpt. Apart from urban, domestic and industrial usage, the excerpt also predicts that population growth, climate change and especially an increase in water-intensive diets will contribute to more water consumption. The information in the two excerpts set alarm bells ringing in China. As one of BRICS countries, China has witnessed dramatic increase both in economic development and water consumption. With population growth and urbanization further, more people will move into cities which are already under water pressure. To maintain sustainable growth in the future, China needs to implement the policy of scientific water management. In my view, measures can be taken in diet, domestic and industrial consumption. It is necessary for the government to impose on factories stricter regulations as to water usage and recycling. To my knowledge, industrial use of water may be the biggest block in water consumption. Besides, information on water shortage and water saving should be shared with the general public so as to raise citizens’ awareness in their daily life. If people can change their living habits, a substantial amount of water can be saved considering the large population size in China. Last but not the least, as climate, especially rainfall, has such a great influence on water on earth, it should also be China’s long-term policy to protect the natural environment. To sum up, as a fast-growing country, China must realize the seriousness of its water condition and hence work out a more comprehensive and severe guideline on water consumption.
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