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  3. [A]Fashion behaves as a movement, and on this basis it is different from custom which, by comparison, is static. This is due to

[A]Fashion behaves as a movement, and on this basis it is different from custom which, by comparison, is static. This is due to

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问题    [A]Fashion behaves as a movement, and on this basis it is different from custom which, by comparison, is static. This is due to the fact that fashion is based fundamentally on differentiation and emulation. In a class society, the upper classes or so-called social elites are not able to differentiate themselves by fixed symbols or badges. Hence the more external features of their life and behavior are likely to be imitated by classes immediately subjacent to them, who, in turn, are imitated by groups immediately below them in the social structure.
   [B]Nevertheless, the movement of fashion is an important form of collective behavior. First, it should be noted that the fashion movement is a genuine expressive movement. It does not have a conscious goal which people are trying to reach through collective action, as is true in the case of the specific social movements. Nor does it represent the release of excitement and tension generated in a dancing crowd situation.
   [C]It does not build up a social organization: it does not build up morale and require an ideology: it has no personnel or functionaries: it does not develop a division of labor among its participants with each being assigned a given status: it does not construct a set of symbols, myths, values, philosophy, or set of practices, and in this sense it does not form a culture: and finally, it does not develop a set of loyalties or form a we-consciousness. The participants are not recruited through agitation. People participate in the fashion movement voluntarily and in response to the interesting and powerful kind of control which fashion imposes on them.
   [D]As a movement, fashion shows little resemblance to any of the other movements which we have considered. While it occurs spontaneously and moves along in characteristic cycle, it does not depend upon the mechanisms of which we have spoken.
   [E]This process gives to fashion a vertical descent. However, the elite class finds that it is no longer distinguishable, by reason of the imitation made by others, and hence it adopts new differentiating criteria, only to be imitated very soon.
   [F]While fashion is thought of usually in relation to clothing, it is important to realize that it covers a much wider domain. It is to be found in manners, and in the arts, literature, and philosophy, and may even reach into certain areas of science. In fact, it may operate in any field of group life. Its operation requires a class society, for in its essential character it does not occur either in a homogeneous society or in a caste society.
   [G]It is expressive, however, of certain fundamental impulses and tendencies, such as an inclination toward novel experience, a desire of distinction, and an urge to conform fashion is important especially, in providing a means for the expression of developing tastes and dispositions: this feature establishes it as a form of expressive behavior.
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选项
答案F
解析 首先了解选项大意。A项：在阶级社会里，流行时尚是以区别和模仿为基础的。B项：追逐流行时尚的运动是集体行为的一种重要形式。C项：流行时尚不能形成一种文化，追逐时尚的人是自愿参与到追逐时尚的潮流中来的。D项：流行时尚与其他潮流几乎没有什么相似之处。E项：区别与模仿的过程使流行时尚垂直地传递下去。F项：流行时尚广泛存在于各个领域．并且需要以阶级社会作为背景。G项：流行时尚的特色确定了其是一种行为表现方式。结果发现A、E、F项是一组，都涉及阶级、区别和模仿。另外D、G项已经给定，剩下B、C项。首先需要在A、E、F、B、C项里面确定哪个是首段。B项开头Nevertheless，须与上文形成转折：C项开头是一组It does not的排比句，it无所指；E项开头This process指代不明；均不能作为首段。剩下A、F项。根据选项大意判断F项在A项前面。F项最后一句Its operation requires a class society(时尚需要以阶级社会作为背景)为下文埋下了伏笔。因此F项为正确答案。
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