At Cambridge, Hawking embarked on a life of grasping with the basic laws of the universe, making ground breaking discoveries on

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问题 At Cambridge, Hawking embarked on a life of grasping with the basic laws of the universe, making ground breaking discoveries on black holes and trying to determine the origin of the universe.
   2. But finding ways of exploiting the value of research, products or brands is one thing. Preventing competitors from muscling in on the act is another.
   People thought if they knew beforehand what the Tomorrow carried they could prepare for it.
   After years of working hard, or catering to the needs of husbands, children, and parents, reinventing ourselves has become our passion, our gift to ourselves.
   "Doing well is part productivity and part publicity , "says Marilyn Moats Kennedy, a managing partner at Career Strategies. Let people know when you accomplish something or when you put in the extra effort to get a project done.

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答案1.在剑桥大学,霍金开始了一生的奋斗,着手进行宇宙基本规律的研究,完成在黑洞方面的创始性的发现并试图确定宇宙的起源。 2.但是,寻找途径去利用科研成果、产品和品牌是一回事,而防止竞争者前来分肥则是另一回事。 3.人们认为,如果他们能事先知道“明天”会带来什么,他们就能为此做好准备。 4.经过多年的辛勤工作或为丈夫、儿女及父母奔忙后,重塑自我已成为我们的渴望,成为我们献给自己的礼物。 5.“出色的工作部分表现在生产能力上,部分表现在公众形象上,”职业策略公司的管理合伙人马里琳?莫茨?肯尼迪说。当你完成了某件事情或是通过额外的付出提早完成工作时,应当让人知道。

解析 1.在这句话中,翻译时有两点须注意:一是成语embarked on,本意是“登上……船,”这里表示“开始走上,开始踏上”之意。making ground breaking discoveries on black holes and trying todetermine the origin of the universe这两个分词短语在句子做谓语embarked on的伴随状语,带有表示目的的意思。另外需注意,Cambridge可指英国的剑桥大学,也可指美国波士顿哈佛等大学所在的剑桥地区。但在AtCambridge这个短语中,指的是英国的剑桥大学。
   2.翻译本句时,注意成语one thing和another的译法。这一对称的成语用法在句中可做主语或表语,用以表示两种不同性质的事物。另外,Preventing competitors from muscling in on the act这一部分较难翻译。muscle这个含义是“肌肉”的名词,其词源却出于mouse(老鼠),变成动词词组,muscle in即比喻老鼠蚕食别人的东西。因此译为“而防止竞争者分肥”。
   3.翻译本句时,须注意句中动词时态的运用,主句People thought用了过去时,从句中也都相应用了过去时态。而且整个宾语从句部分都还有虚拟设想的用法,这就使得此处不能用现在时和进行时态了。翻译时要把原文使用的knew beforehand,the Tomorrow carried和could prepare的虚拟含义译出来,表意才能清楚。
   4.翻译本句时,注意句中一个个看似简单的动词,如catering to,reinventing ourselves及our gift to ourselves的译法。catering to本意是“逢迎某人”,reinventing"本重新发现”,our gift to ourselves中的gift这里不是指“天资、天赋”,而是译为“我们献给自己的礼物”。
   5.注意句中几个地方的译法:part productivity and part publicity是一种省略说法。其不省略的说法应为:Doing well is partly due to the productivity and partly due to the publicity.publicity“本广告、宣传”,此处指公司或个人的公众形象。get a project done的意思是“设法把某一项目或任务完成”。
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