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  3. Reducing calories by 30 percent appears to slow the rate of aging in monkeys, providing new evidence that humans might live long

Reducing calories by 30 percent appears to slow the rate of aging in monkeys, providing new evidence that humans might live long

admin2013-07-02  41
问题     Reducing calories by 30 percent appears to slow the rate of aging in monkeys, providing new evidence that humans might live longer by eating less. A study by the National Institutes of Health using about 200 monkeys has shown that a well-balanced diet that includes a sharp reduction in calories caused the animals to have a lower body temperature, a slower metabolism(新陈代谢)and fewer changes in the biochemical markers for aging.

    "This shows that what has been demonstrated in mice also can apply in primates(灵长类动物)," said Dr. George Roth, a scientist at the gerontology research center of the National Institute on Aging. "We have known for 70 years that if you feed laboratory mice less food, they age slower, they live longer and they get diseases less frequently, " he said. "We find that monkey respond in the same way as rodents and that the same biological changes may be in play here. "
    Joseph Kemnitz, a researcher at the primate center at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, said that changing the diets of monkeys in his laboratory had had similar effects but that the study was not finished. "The findings to date from several labs do suggest that the intervention has beneficial effects on health and on reducing age-related diseases and may ultimately extend the life span for primates, " he said.
    Dr. Barbara Hansen of the obesity and diabetes research center at the University of Maryland in Baltimore said that her laboratory had been studying the effects of dietary restriction on the life span of rhesus monkeys(猕猴)for almost 15 years and that the results to date had shown that the monkeys have less illness and obesity. She said it would take at least 10 years to prove that reducing calories extends life. Dr. Hansen said that half of the monkeys on unrestricted diets died prematurely, while only 12.5 percent of those on calorie-restricted died at an early age. Restricting calories, she said, reduced the rates of cancer, heart disease and diabetes in the test animals. Monkeys in the study may live three decades or longer, and a complete test of the hypothesis would require a full monkey lifetime, Dr. Hansen said.
    In the N. I. H. study, Dr. Roth said, monkeys adapted to restricted calories by dropping their temperature by about one degree and slowing the metabolic demands of the body. Dr. Roth said other biochemical measurements also showed that eating less was healthy for the monkeys. "We have monkeys of all different ages, and those on caloric restrict all showed the same drop in temperature along with the other beneficial effects," he said.
    The study is continuing and involves 200 monkeys. Dr. Roth said that the diets of the monkeys included all of the required vitamins and other nutrients but that half of the monkeys received about 30 percent fewer calories than a control group.
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
选项 A、Monkeys die at an early age, which is disadvantageous for experiments.
B、The metabolic process can be influenced by calories in one’s body.
C、Monkeys living in nature would live longer than in the laboratory.
D、Monkeys at different ages may have varied responds to calorie reduction.
答案B
解析 推理判断题。文章中不止一次提到减少饮食中的卡路里会降低新陈代谢的速度，所以可以推断出体内的卡路里含量和新陈代谢的速度有关，选项[B]正确。[A]、[C]文中未提及，文章只提到了接受实验的猴子寿命相对会延长；[D]与文中所说事实相反。
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