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  3. 　　Growing up in poverty can have long-term negative consequences for children. Now, a study offering unconditional cash to a gro

　　Growing up in poverty can have long-term negative consequences for children. Now, a study offering unconditional cash to a gro

admin2022-02-15  23
问题 　　Growing up in poverty can have long-term negative consequences for children. Now, a study offering unconditional cash to a group of mothers on low incomes in the US is beginning to discover the precise role of parental income in child development. It is the first randomised trial to look at whether a basic income might affect the way a child’s brain develops in this critical period.
　　We know that the first few years of a child’s life are the most influential for their development. Brain development is particularly rapid in early childhood and therefore more likely to be influenced by the environment.
　　It isn’t clear whether low income directly leads to these outcomes, or whether they are a result of other factors associated with growing up in poverty. To find out, Kimberly Nobleat in Columbia University and her colleagues approached women on low incomes who had just given birth at four sites in the US. Around 1,000 women agreed to be part of the study and were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group, consisting of 40 percent of the women, receives an unconditional cash gift of $ 330 per month, and the other group receives $ 20 per month. The first babies in the study were born in May 2018, and the team has been following them every year. Preliminary findings were presented last week at the Virtual Society for Besearch in Child Development Conference.
　　The team is measuring several things throughout the study. At each yearly follow-up, children are assessed for measures like sleep quality, developmental milestones, overall health and emotional development. One unique aspect of the study is the use of mobile EEG headsets to monitor the infants’ brain activity in their home environments.
　　Almost $ 4 million has been given out through the study so far. Though it is too early to draw full conclusions, some preparatory results are already of interest. For example, some of the parents have allowed the researchers to keep track of their transactions. Those in the high-cash group appear to be spending more on books for their children, and spending more time reading together. This is potentially good news because reading to infants is known to be good for cognitive development, vocabulary and promoting important bonds between adults and children.
　　The researchers say it also seems like very little money was spent on what they call temptation goods like gambling, alcohol and tobacco. Eventually, the findings could help with policy interventions to assist children born into poverty, or even to find ways to buffer against the effects of poverty later in life.
Which of the following description about the study is TRUE ?
选项 A、The team uses mobile EEG headsets to monitor kids every year.
B、The high-cash group tends to spend more money on children development.
C、All parents are required to record their expenditure.
D、The US government will legislate to assist kids in low income families.
答案B
解析 细节题。根据选项A可定位至第四段第三句，文中描述的是the use of mobile EEG headsets to monitor the in fants ’brain activity“使用移动脑电图耳机来监测婴儿的大脑活动”，而不是所有孩子的，选项A扩大范围，故排除；根据选项C可定位至第五段第三句，其中all parents“所有家长”与文中some of the parents“一些家长”相悖，故排除：选项D为无中生有，故排除；根据选项B可定位至第五段第四句，其中tends to“倾向于”与appear to“似乎”对应，且由第五句“阅读对孩子的发展是有好处的”可知，获得较多现金的群体倾向于为孩子的发展花更多的钱，选项B正确。
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