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  3. 　　The amount of heat Earth traps has roughly doubled since 2005, contributing to more rapidly warming oceans, air and land. "The

　　The amount of heat Earth traps has roughly doubled since 2005, contributing to more rapidly warming oceans, air and land. "The

admin2022-02-15  0
问题 　　The amount of heat Earth traps has roughly doubled since 2005, contributing to more rapidly warming oceans, air and land. "The magnitude of the increase is unprecedented," said Norman Loeb, a NASA scientist and lead author of the study. "The Earth is warming faster than expected. "
　　Using satellite data, researchers measured what is known as Earth’s energy imbalance—the difference between how much energy the planet absorbs from the sun, and how much it is able to shed, or radiate back out into space. When there is a positive imbalance—Earth absorbing more heat than it is losing—it is a first step toward global warming, said Stuart Evans, a climate scientist at the University at Buffalo.
　　That imbalance roughly doubled between 2005 and 2019, the study found. "It is a massive amount of energy," said Gregory Johnson, an oceanographer for NOAA’s Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. The energy increase is equivalent to every person on Earth using 20 electric tea kettles at once.
　　Oceans absorb most of that heat, about 90 percent. When researchers compared satellite data to temperature readings from a system of ocean sensors, they found a similar pattern. The agreement between the data sets surpassed expectations, Loeb said, calling it the " nail in the coffin " for the imbalance results.
　　The biggest outstanding question is what is driving the acceleration. The study points to decreases in cloud cover and sea ice, which reflect solar energy back into space, and an increase in greenhouse gases emitted by humans as well as water vapor, which trap more heat in the Earth, as factors in the imbalance. But it is difficult to discern human-induced changes from cyclical variations in the climate, the researchers said.
　　But, Johnson says, that doesn’t let humans off the hook. "We’re responsible for some of it, "he said. It’s just unclear how much. Kevin Trenberth, a distinguished scholar at the National Center of Atmospheric Research, said the results of the study aren’t particularly surprising given these climatic variations. But 15 years is not enough time to establish a trend, he said. That too is unclear, Johnson said. The imbalance could shrink in some years compared to others, he said, but the general trajectory appears to be upward. "The longer we observe it," he said, "the more certain we become of the trend. "
　　Regardless of the magnitude or reasons for the accelerated imbalance, the fact that it is positive is crucial, said Trenberth. "The fact that it’s positive means that global heating is happening. "
Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
选项 A、Earth Trapping Unprecedented Amount of Heat
B、Scientists Forecasting the Imbalance Trend
C、How to Calculate the Energy Imbalance
D、What Results in the Accelerated Imbalance
答案A
解析 主旨题。解答主旨题的关键是通过把握各段的段落大意(一般位于段落的首尾句)来把握全文主旨。需要排除文章某一句或者某一段内容的干扰，这些信息很熟悉，但是由于过于局部而无法概括全文，如本题的选项C和选项D。选项C为第二、三段提到的细节性内容，不足以概括全文，故排除；选项D为第五段提到的内容，也不足以概括全文，故排除；文中并没有提到科学家在预测这种趋势，选项B无中生有，故排除；前两段开篇点明主题——地球正在吸收“前所未有”的热量，第三段通过类比说明增加的热量是何其之大，第四段进一步证明结果的正确性，第五段和第六段说明推动地球加速变暖的因素，第七段再次回应主题，综合来看，选项A与主旨最贴切，故选项A正确。
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