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  3. It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services.

It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services.

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问题     It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services.
    A public good is one that a person can use without reducing the use of it for another person. One of the best examples of a pubic good is national defense. One person can benefit from our national defense without reducing another person’s benefits. In fact, it is difficult to keep any person in our society from enjoying the benefits of national defense.
    The market system does not work well in producing public goods. This is because a person who refuses to pay for a public good cannot be kept from using it. Suppose that the neighbors in a high crime area decide to hire a police force. Each neighbor, except Mrs. Smith, agrees to pay $100 a year for it. Mrs. Smith refuses to pay because she knows that if all the others pay the $100, the police will guard the area anyway. So Mrs. Smith can enjoy the services of the police force without paying $100.
    The market system has no way to deal with this type of problem. For this reason, we cannot ask each person to make a direct payment in the form of product price. Therefore, we collect money for public goods by using taxes.  
From the passage we learn that the purpose of collecting taxes is to ______.
选项 A、ensure the continuous supply of public goods
B、reduce the difference between the rich and the poor
C、get extra money to support public goods
D、remind people of their duty
答案A
解析 根据题目中的collecting taxes定位到最后一段最后一句。文中第二、三段谈到市场体制没有办法让所有的人为公共服务交费。那么最后一句话就说明了解决的方法，即通过税收来为公共服务筹集钱款(collect money for public goods)，换句话说就是通过税收来保证公共服务能够持续下去，因此A项为正确答案。
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