2. 外语
  3. Man is the only animal that laughs. Why is this true? What makes us respond as we do to pleasurable experiences? What is the his

Man is the only animal that laughs. Why is this true? What makes us respond as we do to pleasurable experiences? What is the his

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问题     Man is the only animal that laughs. Why is this true? What makes us respond as we do to pleasurable experiences? What is the history of this "happy【C1】______" , as someone once termed it, and just what is its function?
    We are not short of theories to explain the mystery; for centuries, biologists, philosophers, psychologists, and medical men have sought a definitive explanation of laughter. One writer【C2】______that its function is to【C3】______others or to prove to be better than them by insulting them. Another took the opposite view: that we laugh in order not to cry. A psychologist offered the explanation that laughter functions as【C4】______for painful experiences, and that it serves to defend a person against what the psychologist termed "the many minor pains to which man is【C5】______". In the 17th century a writer set forth the theory that we laugh when we compare ourselves with others and find ourselves superior;【C6】______, we laugh at the weakness of others.
    Virtually every theory has been concerned with either the structure or the function of laughter, whereas relatively few have been devoted to the question of its【C7】______. I propose to offer a theory which, so far as I am aware, has not previously been set forth; that only those animals capable of【C8】______are capable of laughter; and that therefore man, being the only animal that speaks, is the only animal that laughs.
    Those of us who have observed chimpanzees closely feel quite confident that the chimpanzee occasionally exhibits behavior that looks very much like a primitive human laughter. This behavior, however, has been observed only in a human context;【C9】______it occurs under natural conditions is dubious; but【C10】______that under any conditions an ape is capable of such behavior is of more than passing interest—for does it not indicate that early man had the basics of laughter?
【C4】
选项 A、a remedy
B、a medication
C、an anesthetics
D、a placebo
答案A
解析 考查近义词辨析。本题空格所在的句子中有两个that从句，且由“and”连接，因而两个从句意思相近。第二个that从句提到“笑”帮助人抵御心理学家所谓的许多微小伤痛。因而本题空格部分应表达类似的意思。A．a remedy(治疗，补救)符合语义，在文中表达抽象意义上的疗伤，为正确答案。B．a medication(药物，药剂)多指具体的药物疗伤，C．an anesthetics(麻醉剂)和D．a placebo(安慰剂)不能体现“笑”的积极防御作用，三者皆不合题意。故选D。
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