首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
(46)A recent phenomenon in present-day science and technology is the increasing trend toward "directed" or "programmed" research
(46)A recent phenomenon in present-day science and technology is the increasing trend toward "directed" or "programmed" research
admin
2013-06-10
40
问题
(46)
A recent phenomenon in present-day science and technology is the increasing trend toward "directed" or "programmed" research; i.e. research whose scope and objectives are predetermined by private or government organizations rather than researchers themselves.
Any scientist working for such organizations and investigating in a given field therefore tends to do so in accordance with a plan or program designed beforehand.
At the beginning of the century, however, the situation was quite different. At that time there were no industrial research organizations in the modern sense: the laboratory unit consisted of a few scientists at the most, assisted by one or two technicians. (47)
Nevertheless, the scientist, often working with inadequate equipment in unsuitable rooms, was free to choose any subject for investigation he liked, since there was no predetermined program to which he had to conform.
(48)
As the century developed, the increasing magnitude and complexity of the problems to be solved made it impossible, in many cases, for the individual scientist to deal with the huge mass of new data, techniques and equipment that were required for carrying out research accurately and efficiently.
The increasing scale and scope of the experiments needed to test new hypotheses and develop new techniques and industrial processed to the setting up of research groups or teams using highly-complicated equipment in elaborately-designed laboratories. (49)
Owing to the large sums of money involved, it was then felt essential to direct these human and material resources into specific channels with clearly defined objectives.
In this way it was considered that the quickest and most practical results could be obtained. This, then, was programmed (programmatic) research.
One of the effects of this organized and standardized investigation is to cause the scientist to become increasingly involved in applied research (development), especially in the branches of science which seem most likely to have industrial applications. Private industry and even government departments tend to concentrate on immediate results and show comparatively little interest in long-range investigations. (50)
In consequence, there is a steady shift of scientists from the pure to the applied field, where there are more jobs available, frequently more highly-paid and with better technical facilities than jobs connected with pure research in a university.
Owing to the interdependence between pure and applied science, it is easy to see that this system, if extended too far, carries considerable dangers for the future of science—and not only pure science, but applied science as well.
选项
答案
因此,科学家不断从理论科学研究领域转移到应用科学研究领域,因为后者能提供比在大学做纯理论研究工作更多的工作机会,而且通常待遇更优厚,技术设施更好。
解析
frequently more highly-paid and with better technical facilities than...是后置定语,修饰前面的名词jobs。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/uMd4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Studythefollowingpicturecarefullyandwriteanessayofabout160—200words.Youressaymustbewrittenclearlyandshouldm
Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist(A、B、C、
WiththerapidgrowthofChina’seconomyinrecentyears,China’sforeigntradehasbegunanumberofnewpragmaticandflexible
WiththerapidgrowthofChina’seconomyinrecentyears,China’sforeigntradehasbegunanumberofnewpragmaticandflexible
Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist(A、B、C、
Howdidmobileradiosystemsfinditsbusinesscompetitiveness?Welearnfromthetextthatusersofwirelessproductsaremore
Howdidmobileradiosystemsfinditsbusinesscompetitiveness?SMRsystemsgainanedgeoverotherservicesmostlybyvirtueo
Theinitialfundofgeneralscientificknowledgeisaninvaluableasset(财产),buttheyoungresearchworkershouldhavenoillusi
Japanesefirmshaveachievedthehighestlevelsofmanufacturingefficiencyintheworldautomobileindustry.(46)Someobservers
Whenlabratssleep,theirbrainsrevisitthemazetheynavigatedduringtheday,accordingtoanewstudy(1)_____yesterday,o
随机试题
在考生文件夹下新建文档Word.docx,按照要求完成下列操作并以该文件名(Word.docx)保存文档。王刚是大地公司的文员,为丰富公司的文化生活,公司将定于2013年10月21日下午15:00时在会所会议室以爱岗敬业“激情飞扬在十月,创先争优
共同类科目
下列关于信息在计算机中的表示,捕述不正确的是________。
Itisnaturalthatyoungpeopleareoftenuncomfortablewhentheyarewiththeirparents.Theysaythat【61】parentsdon’t【62】them
下列有关取保候审的表述中,正确的有()。
道家主张“行不言之教”。()
(2011年中山大学)某债券的风险溢酬为1%,若经济状况好其现金流为1000元,两种情况都发生的概率均为50%。若无风险收益率为4%,则该债券当前的价格为()。
设每次试验成功的概率为0.2,失败的概率为0.8,设独立重复试验直到成功为止的试验次数为X,则E(X)=________.
对长度为n的线性表作快速排序,在最坏情况下,比较次数为()。
2002年10月的一天,肯尼亚塔卡巴镇的居民迎来了3车“救命水”,就在人们拿着大桶小盆分水的时候,一幕戏剧性的(1)出现了:几十只猴子突然窜出,先是向居民投掷石块儿,(2)跑向人群又挠又咬,居民们(3)得四处逃散。猴子们(4)后开怀畅饮,嬉戏欢闹。回过神来
最新回复
(
0
)