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  3. Six million people die every year as a result of tobacco smoking, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. It

Six million people die every year as a result of tobacco smoking, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. It

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问题    Six million people die every year as a result of tobacco smoking, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. It is a number worth keeping in mind as the scientific disputes over electronic cigarettes continue to persist
   【F1】The US Food and Drug Administration last week announced a "historic rule" that gives it the right to regulate e-cigarettes—which vaporize nicotine—as it does tobacco products. Nearly all e-cigarettes will now have to go through an approval process, with sales to young people prohibited, and health warnings included on packaging and advertisements.
   Sylvia Burwell, the US Secretary of Health and Human Services, noted that 【F2】e-cigarette use is shooting up among young people in the United States, "creating a new generation of Americans who are at risk of addiction", even as cigarette smoking continues to decline.
   Some states are already ahead of federal law—California defined e-cigarettes as tobacco products. The European Union is also set to take a tougher stance. An EU-wide directive that comes into force this year on tobacco products will control nicotine content.
   These devices have split researchers. Some see a route to end the tobacco trouble. But other scientists see problems. 【F3】They fear that electronic devices undermine the message that smoking is bad, and offer people a nicotine fix in places where cigarettes have long been excluded. They fear a new age of nicotine, and that the six-million figure will rise.
   This difference of opinion has spilled messily over into the research arena. Published studies are ruthlessly picked apart by opposing sides. 【F4】Sometimes the fight happens even before publication, with journalists sent quotes that critique claims and conclusions before they are publicly available.
   Both sides are acting in good faith, but their arguments and increasingly rooted positions frequently generate more heat than light 【F5】To progress, researchers on both sides must establish what evidence should be gathered to answer the central question: how can e-cigarette use and regulation lead to the largest possible reduction in deaths from tobacco? Researchers should remain focused on the enemy that needs to be fought—the horrific harm caused by tobacco. Disputes are part of science. They must be conducted in the open, and no researcher—and no piece of research—can be immune from criticism. But the tobacco-science community must find a way forward. It is not exaggerating to say that millions of lives are at stake. Six million of them are, every year.
【F3】
选项
答案他们担心电子烟的存在会动摇“吸烟有害健康”这一说法。这样一来，在长期禁止传统烟草的地方，人们就可以找到吸食尼古丁的替代途径。
解析 ①本句是复合句。主句主干是They fear that…，that引导的宾语从句作fear的宾语，指出他们担心的内容。②宾语从句中有两个并列谓宾结构，undermine…和offer…分别说明电子烟的出现会动摇吸烟有害这一说法，并成为传统烟草的替代物。③that引导的同位语从句解释message的内容，即“吸烟有害健康”的说法：where引导的定语从句修饰places，指出长期以来烟草被禁的地方。be excluded是被动语态，说明烟草被禁止。
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