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  3. Cautious About the Principle of Zero-Tolerance in School We don t really know what we want. That’s the conclusion of a socia

Cautious About the Principle of Zero-Tolerance in School We don t really know what we want. That’s the conclusion of a socia

admin2013-07-08  21
问题             Cautious About the Principle of Zero-Tolerance in School
    We don t really know what we want. That’s the conclusion of a social psychologist who decided to test just how committed parents and others are to zero-tolerance polices that many schools have adopted to fight drug use by teenagers.
    Colgate University psychologist Kevin Carlsmith concluded that people fail to recognize that a zero-tolerance policy that seems simple and effective in theory will violate their sense of justice when they see it in practice. And that’s exactly the response I’ve been getting to my column last week about Josh Anderson, the Fairdax high school junior who killed himself on the eve of a disciplinary hearing that was likely to have ended with his expulsion for being caught on campus with a small amount of marijuana.
    I’ve heard from hundreds of parents whose kids—like Josh—have gotten caught up in a punishment system that fails to distinguish between drug users and dealers.
    A Prince William County parent describes how his son faced expulsion after being found with less that one gram of marijuana.
    The boy was not permitted to graduate and had to repeat his senior year through home schooling because the county would not permit him to attend its schools. " It seems incredibly stupid to take a child with problems by removing support," the father writes.
    Carlsmith found that most people choose punishments designed more for retribution than to create deterrence against future wrongdoing. "A person focused on deterring future crime ought to be sensitive to the frequency of the crime, the likelihood of its detection, the publicity of the punishment, and so forth," the professor writes.
    The professor asked participants about a case like a real one in which a 13-year- old girl gave a Midol pill to a friend at school to relieve the friend’s menstrual cramps. The survey asked whether expulsion or student-parent conferences with a guidance counselor would be the better response than expel her. Once they heard the details of the Midol case, 88 percent of those who had earlier endorsed the idea of a zero-tolerance policy reversed themselves.
    We like the idea of zero tolerance and don’t realize how unfairly it can treat people until we are slapped in the face with disproportionate results.
    In the end, the psychologist concludes, "when it comes to introspection, we are all strangers to ourselves."
    In a fascinating postscript, Carlsmith asked whether a school with a zero-tolerance policy had a worse or less severe problem with drug use than a school with a more flexible approach. Those surveyed thought the zero-tolerance school had the more severe problem. Is that what the Fairfax school board really wants to communicate about its schools?
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
选项 A、Some committed parents believe it is a good way to deter crime.
B、Some schools believe this policy fails to find difference between drug users and dealers.
C、Carlsmith thinks it wise and reasonable to deter the crime instead of giving zero-tolerance punishment to the criminals.
D、The survey found that 88 percent of those who had earlier been against zero-tolerance policy supported themselves.
答案B
解析 事实细节题。由第三段可知，我还听说过许许多多的父母的经历，他们的孩子像乔希一样，遭遇了一种未能分清吸食毒品和毒品买卖的惩罚机制。故[B]与原文一致。[A]“一些犯错的孩子的父母认为阻止犯罪是有效的解决办法”，原文没有提及犯错的孩子的父母有这样的意见，可排除；由第五段第一句可知，卡尔史密斯发现大多数人选择的惩罚方式都是把注意力更多地放在犯罪后的惩治上，而不是去阻止这类错误行为的发生。故[C]“卡尔史密斯认为应该拖延犯罪而不该使用零容忍的原则”与文意不符，排除；由第六段最后一句可知，在仔细听过这一案件细节的人中，88％的原先认为应该采取零容忍原则的人都推翻了他们之前的想法，[D]“一项调查表明88％以前支持零容忍原则的人都还是继续支持这种惩罚机制”与原文意义相悖，故排除。
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