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  3. Turning to crime is in the genes, according to new research carried out in the US. A study of young men and women who had b

Turning to crime is in the genes, according to new research carried out in the US. A study of young men and women who had b

admin2013-07-02  31
问题     Turning to crime is in the genes, according to new research carried out in the US.

    A study of young men and women who had been adopted as children found they were up to four and a half more times to have been in trouble with the police if one of their natural parents had a criminal record.
    The fact that their natural parents are having such a huge effect on their behaviour despite having little or no input in their upbringing clearly shows the influence of genetics. And it suggests that while criminals can be bred, they can also be born. More than 250 young men and women were first questioned when in High School and then periodically interviewed for the next 13 years. When they reached their mid-20s and early-30s, they were asked if their natural parents had any sort of criminal record and if they had ever been in trouble with the law themselves.
    The Florida State University study found that young men and women who had a biological parent who had been arrested at some point were up to 4. 5 times more likely to have been arrested themselves than those whose natural parents were law-abiding.
    The influence of genetics did not end there. A jailed biological parent also dramatically raised the risk of the child having spent time in prison or a young offenders institution. And the more times the biological parent was in trouble with the law, the more problematic the child was likely to be, according to the journal Biological Psychiatry. Dr Kevin Beaver, the study’s author and a criminologist(刑事学家), concluded, "Adoptees who have a biological father or a biological mother who have been arrested previously are significantly more likely to be arrested. "
    Genes implicated in violence anti-social behaviour include one called MAO-A which makes an enzyme(酶)which breaks down chemicals in the brain linked to aggression. Rogue versions of MAO-A and other similar genes have previously been found to have the strongest effect when paired with a problematic upbringing.
    With repeat offenders responsible for a disproportionate amount of crime and heartache, the findings have important implications. For instance with genes only thought to be responsible for 50 to 80 per cent of a person’s propensity towards anti-social behaviour, the research raises the possibility that adoptees whose birth parents have a criminal past could attend classes aimed at staving off problems later in life.
    The science also raises the possibility of genetic testing being used to single out future criminals, potentially allowing them to be arrested before they break the law. But the involvement of hundreds, or even thousands, of genes in behavior, means that such a test will remain in the realms of fiction for years to come, says Dr. Beaver.
What does the study of young men and women adopted as children show us?
选项 A、Adopted children tend to be more anti-social than other ones.
B、Genetics play a very big role in criminal offence.
C、Family problems are the main roots that form youth high criminal trend.
D、Foster parents often have little or no input in the upbringing of their adopted children.
答案B
解析 推理判断题。第一段指出在美国进行的一项最新研究发现犯罪在于基因。第三段也指出尽管他们的亲生父母在他们的成长过程中参与很少甚至没有投入，却仍然对他们产生了如此之大的影响，这一点清楚地说明基因的影响很大。故可以看出遗传基因在人的犯罪行为上起着一定的作用。故[B]项正确。文中将收养孩子分成亲生父母有犯罪记录和没有犯罪记录两类对孩子进行比较，没有比较收养孩子和非收养孩子，故[A]项错误，[C]项在文中找不到依据。“参与收养孩子的抚养少”说的是他们的亲生父母而不是他们的养父母，故[D]项错误。
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