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  3. Some fish can swim in water below 0℃, low enough to freeze the blood of most creatures. However, some fish and insects can stay

Some fish can swim in water below 0℃, low enough to freeze the blood of most creatures. However, some fish and insects can stay

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问题     Some fish can swim in water below 0℃, low enough to freeze the blood of most creatures. However, some fish and insects can stay alive in the freezing water. One key to survival is a special protein in the fish’ s blood. The chemical is called the Antifreeze Protein, otherwise known as AFP and is commonly found in fish that live in cold waters.
    What does AFP do in these fish? First, we need to understand what happens when water freezes. When the temperature of the water drops below 0℃ , tiny particles of ice start forming in the water. Each particle becomes larger and then sticks to other particles, forming blocks of ice. Fish take in this water and tiny particles of ice also form inside a fish’ s body. However, the AFP in the blood of the fish surrounds these particles, preventing them from sticking together to form bigger pieces of ice.
    The application of AFP is promising. For example, AFP can be used to alter the taste and texture of ice-cream. It can also be used to store meat and vegetables more effectively by protecting food products from the formation of ice. Another application is in medical field, as AFP can help preserve organs for transplantation without freezing them. Scientists have known about AFP for more than 30 years, yet few of the technologies that use the AFP exist today. The process of getting the necessary amount of AFP from fish to make products was only recently discovered. Some companies in the United States and Canada have already made products using AFP, but they have yet to become popular. Although some researchers in Japan discovered that some local fish contained AFP and succeeded in creating AFP in the laboratory, more research is necessary. AFP tests will continue for these fish out of the water.
The Antifreeze Protein______.
选项 A、is a kind of protein that many fish have stored in their bodies
B、is found in certain fish that live in extremely cold water
C、increases the freezing process of water in the ocean
D、is the key to finding the location of fish in cold regions
答案B
解析 事实细节题。根据文章第一段最后一句“…known as AFP and is commonly found in fish that live in cold waters.”可知，AFP存在于生活在寒冷水域的鱼体内。故选B。
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