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  3. They appear every summer; a rash of articles raising the alarm about the "summer slide", or the loss of learning that grade-scho

They appear every summer; a rash of articles raising the alarm about the "summer slide", or the loss of learning that grade-scho

admin2018-06-06  1
问题     They appear every summer; a rash of articles raising the alarm about the "summer slide", or the loss of learning that grade-school students experience over the months when classes are out. Concern about this leads many a parent to stock up on workbooks, or to enroll their children in educational camps or enrichment programs. But is the summer slide really the seasonal disaster? A close look at the research reveals a more complicated picture.
    For kids from middle- and upper-middle-income households, the summer slide doesn’t exist at all—at least in terms of reading skills. Affluent children actually make slight gains in reading over the summer months, according to an analysis of 13 researches led by Cooper, professor at Duke University. Meanwhile, lower-income kids lose more than two months of reading achievement over the same period.
    Even among underprivileged students, however, the summer slide is not universal. A study published last year in the Journal of Education reported that "not all low-SES [socio-economic status] students experience summer learning loss." Johns Hopkins University sociologist Slate, identified a sample of poor children who gained as much as their higher-SES peers in reading or math during at least three of the four summers of elementary school.
    What makes these "outliers" different? Their parents, the investigator found, are significantly more likely than other low-income parents to take their children to the library during the summer and to check out books while there. The parents of these "exceptional summer learners" also read to their children for longer periods of time, and are more likely to check their children’s homework and have higher expectations for their children’s conduct grade during the school year—"types of parental involvement that could well carry over into the summer months," the researcher noted.
    Reading books can reverse the summer slide in literacy skills for even the poorest children. Allington, a professor at the University of Tennessee, found that giving kids 12 books to read over the summer was as effective as summer school in raising the students’ reading scores. The increase in test scores was especially pronounced for those who were most economically disadvantaged.
    The children in Allington’s study were allowed to pick their own books, while parents may cringe at their selections, and the researchers believe that giving students a choice of reading material is a critical part of their intervention: not only are the kids more motivated to read the books, but the words and facts they learn build on knowledge they already possess.
    Another study—led by Kim of the Harvard Graduate School of Education—found that regardless of family income, the effect of reading four to five books over the summer was large enough to prevent a decline in reading-achievement scores from spring to fall. Kim’s other finding: children who said they had easy access to books over the summer ended up reading more. So seasonal alarm bells aside, the best way to push back against the summer slide is with your library card.
What’s the main idea of this passage?
选项 A、Economic disadvantages motive kids to read more.
B、Reading is the golden way to push back against the summer slide.
C、Family income and effective reading methods prevent a decline in reading achievement.
D、Grade school students used to have easy access to libraries.
答案B
解析
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