2. 外语
  3. Do students learn as much when they read digitally as they do in print? For both parents and teachers, knowing whether computer-

Do students learn as much when they read digitally as they do in print? For both parents and teachers, knowing whether computer-

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问题    Do students learn as much when they read digitally as they do in print? For both parents and teachers, knowing whether computer-based media are improving or【C1】______ education is a question of concern. With the surge in【C2】______ of e-books, online learning and open educational resources, investigators have been trying to determine whether students do 【C3】______ well when reading an assigned text on a digital screen as【C4】______ paper. The answer【C5】______ the question, however, needs far more than a yes-no response.
   In my research, I have compared the ways in which we read in print and onscreen. Between 2013 and 2015, I gathered data from 429 university students【C6】______ from five countries (the U.S., Japan, Germany, Slovenia and India).
   The students in my study reported that print was【C7】______ more enjoyable, 【C8】______ things such as "I like the smell of paper" or that reading in print is "real reading". What’s more, print gave them a sense of where they were in the book — they could "see" and "feel"【C9】______ in the text.
   Print was also judged to be【C10】______ on the eyes and less【C11】______ to encourage multitasking than digital reading. Almost half the participants complained【C12】______ eyestrain from reading digitally ("my eyes burn"), and 67 percent indicated they were likely to multitask while reading digitally (compared with 41 percent when reading print).
   At the same time, respondents praised digital reading on【C13】______ counts, 【C14】______ the ability to read in the dark, 【C15】______ of finding material ("plenty of quick information"), saving paper and even the fact they could multitask【C16】______ reading.
   But the bigger question is whether students are learning as much when they read onscreen.
   A number of researchers have sought to measure learning by asking people to read a passage of text, 【C17】______ in print or on a digital device, and then testing for comprehension.
   Most studies have found that participants scored about the same when reading in each【C18】______, though a few have indicated that students performed better on tests when they read in print.
   The problem, however, with learning-measurement studies is that their notion of "learning" has tended to be simplistic. Reading passages and answering questions【C19】______ maybe a familiar tool in standardized testing, but tells us little about any deeper level of understanding.
   In my view, 【C20】______ short-and-to-the-point materials may be a good fit for digital consumption, it’s not the sort of reading likely to nurture the critical thinking we still talk about as a hallmark of university education.
【C14】
选项 A、include
B、includes
C、included
D、including
答案D
解析 此处including为介词，答案为D。
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