2. 考研
  3. One of the most important results of research into ageing has been to pinpoint the significance of short-term memory. This facul

One of the most important results of research into ageing has been to pinpoint the significance of short-term memory. This facul

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问题     One of the most important results of research into ageing has been to pinpoint the significance of short-term memory. This faculty is easily (1)_____ as ageing advances. What seems to (2)_____ is that information is received by the brain, (3)_____ scans it for meaning in order to decode it at some future time. It looks as if the actual (4)_____ of the short-term memory itself may not change too much (5)_____ age. A young man and a man in his late fifties may (6)_____ be able to remember and repeat a(n) (7)_____ of eight numbers recited to them. But what (8)_____ change is that when the older man is asked to remember anything (9)_____ between the time he is first given the numbers to memorize and the time he is asked to (10)_____ them, he will be much less likely to remember the (11)_____ numbers than the young man. This is because the scanning stage is more easily (12)_____ by other activities in (13)_____ people.
    In (14)_____ living one experiences this as a fairly minor (15)_____—a telephone number forgotten while one looks (16)_____ an area code, or the first part of (17)_____ street directions confused with the last because the last ’turn lefts’ and ’turn rights’ have interfered (18)_____ remembering the first directions. In more formal learning, however, the (19)_____ of short-term memory is more than just a mild social embarrassment. It can be a serious bar to further (20)_____ or indeed to any progress at all.

选项 A、performance
B、capacity
C、action
D、activity
答案B
解析 本句的意思是：短期记忆的"actual…"本身没有随着年龄的增长变化太多。纵观四个选项，performance、action和activity都是泛泛地指短期记忆的行为、表现。如果短期记忆的行为表现没有变化的话，前文(第一个空白处)为何还要说这种能力受到影响呢?再来看capacity,如果它是正确选项，则本句意为短期记忆的容量没有多大变化。再由下文内容可知，年轻人和老年人都能记住八个数字，这正与容量的概念相符。故"capacity"正确。
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