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  3. Attention: 非常见地名和人名可保留不译。 A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards a

Attention: 非常见地名和人名可保留不译。 A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards a

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问题    Attention: 非常见地名和人名可保留不译。
   A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.
   Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $ 100 million or more for each one.
   Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.
   No amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat.
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答案 随着北冰洋海冰日渐融化，人们开始加速开发北极地区，这对于极地居民来说利弊兼有。在巴伦支海和卡拉海海域发现大型油田后，人们不禁担心，满载着石油(不久后还会有液化气)的船只穿行斯堪的纳维亚沿岸的渔场前往欧洲和北美市场的途中可能会发生灾难性事故。随着北极地区能源工业的蓬勃发展，发电厂、烟囱和大型运输工具等配套设备、设施相继建立或涌现，这片未被人类染指的净土也终将受到污染。 阿拉斯加也面临海岸线遭受侵蚀的问题。对此，美国政府计划对因纽特人居住的几个村庄进行迁移，每个村庄的迁移成本预计在1亿美元以上。 北极地区的土著部落几百年来都生活在冰封雪冻的极端自然环境里，形成了自己独特的文化传统。现在，他们开始注意到天气和野生动物的变化，也在积极努力去适应这些变化，但这又谈何容易。 无论政府投入多少资金，在埃拉先生看来，他以鹿为生的日子终将改变。和得克萨斯州的牧场主一样，埃拉不愿透露自己养了多少头驯鹿。不过，他说春秋季节天气转暖导致表层雪融化，遇冷后融化的雪水再次结冰，驯鹿想要吃到底层的地衣就更不容易了。
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