首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle de
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle de
admin
2014-09-27
58
问题
In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle defined the basic concepts and principles of many of the sciences.
【T1】
In the first place. Aristotle criticized Plato’s theory of Forms by arguing that forms could not exist by themselves but existed only in particular things, which are composed of both form and matter.
He understood substances as matter organized by a particular form.
Nature, for Aristotle, is an organic system of things whose forms make it possible to arrange them into classes comprising species and genera. Each species, he believed, has a form, purpose, and mode of development in terms of which it can be defined.【T2】
The aim of science is to define the essential forms, purposes, and modes of development of all species and to arrange them in their natural order in accordance with their complexities of form.
The main levels are the inanimate, the vegetative, the animal, and the rational.【T3】
The soul is the form of the body, and humans, whose rational soul is a higher form than the souls of other species on earth, are the highest species of perishable things.
The heavenly bodies, composed of an imperishable substance, or ether, and moved eternally in perfect circular motion by God, are still higher in the order of nature.
Aristotle’s political and ethical philosophy similarly developed out of a critical examination of Plato’s principles.【T4】
The standards of personal and social behavior, according to Aristotle, must be found in the scientific study of the natural tendencies of individuals and societies rather than in abstract realm of pure forms.
Less insistent therefore than Plato on a rigorous conformity to absolute principles, Aristotle regarded ethical rules as practical guides to a happy and well-rounded life. His emphasis on happiness, as the active fulfillment of natural capacities, expressed the attitude toward life held by cultivated Greeks of his time. In political theory, Aristotle agreed with Plato that a monarchy ruled by a wise king would be the ideal political structure, but he also recognized that societies differ in their needs and traditions and believed that a limited democracy is usually the best compromise.【T5】
In his theory of knowledge, Aristotle rejected the Platonic doctrine that knowledge is innate and insisted that it can be acquired only by generalization from experience.
He interpreted art as a means of pleasure and intellectual enlightenment rather than an instrument of moral education.
【T3】
选项
答案
灵魂是身体的形式,而人类,其理性的灵魂比地球上所有其他物种的灵魂都要高级,是所有生命体中最高等的物种。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/06Rd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Everyplaceisdifferent.Thatis【21】______makesgeographysointeresting.It【22】______ustonewplaces,todifferentwa
Everyplaceisdifferent.Thatis【21】______makesgeographysointeresting.It【22】______ustonewplaces,todifferentwa
Everyplaceisdifferent.Thatis【21】______makesgeographysointeresting.It【22】______ustonewplaces,todifferentwa
Everyplaceisdifferent.Thatis【21】______makesgeographysointeresting.It【22】______ustonewplaces,todifferentwa
D.H.LawrenceisoneofthegreatestEnglishnovelistsofthe20thcentury,and,perhaps,thegreatestfromaworking-classfam
Whatisthetargetgroupforthisyear’s"NoTobaccoDay"?
Widespreadtobaccoconsumptionhadledtograveconsequences,yetthetobaccocompaniesarestillclaimingthattheymakeavalu
Thereareadvantagesin1997,ifyouwanttolookforthem.Theairiscleaner,andthereseemtobefewercolds.Thecrimerate
Whydidmanhavetotrackhistargetatacloserangewhenusingashortbow?
Smokingisconsidereddangeroustothehealth:Ourtobacco-sellerMr.Johnson,therefore,alwaysaskshiscustomers,iftheyare
随机试题
心脏正常起搏点位于()
梅毒性主动脉炎(syphiliticaortitis)好发于
关于医疗事故技术鉴定委员会正确的是
A、3小时B、4小时C、8小时D、12小时E、32小时初产妇第一产程时间约为()
关于1997年ADA糖尿病诊断标准哪项不正确
张老太太,因髋骨骨折,在家卧床已1个月。主诉:臀部触痛麻木。检查:臀部皮肤局部红肿。下列指导中,哪项不妥()。
下列情形中,承包人不可以提起索赔的事件是()。
会计科目的设置原则是()。
1999年国务院及中国证监会分别颁布了(),从而加强了对期货市场的法制监管。
个人住房贷款信用风险防范措施主要包括()。
最新回复
(
0
)