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  3. The conclusion of a new study by sociologists from the University of Toronto won’t come as a surprise to working women: they fee

The conclusion of a new study by sociologists from the University of Toronto won’t come as a surprise to working women: they fee

admin2013-10-08  44
问题     The conclusion of a new study by sociologists from the University of Toronto won’t come as a surprise to working women: they feel more guilty than men about taking work-related phone calls or e-mails at home. And lest you assume it’s all about work-family balance, consider that women who were single and childless also felt more guilty.
    Researchers looked at data from the 2005 US Work, Stress and Health Survey, which asked 1 042 working adults to describe the frequency with which "boundary-spanning" responsibilities—such as calls, e-mails and texts from bosses, coworkers or clients—intruded into their home lives. Respondents also reported their levels of distress and guilt over the intrusions. The more work-related calls and e-mails women took after hours, the researchers found, the more guilt and distress they had; no such increase was reported by men. Women’s guilt persisted even when their work didn’t interfere with family life.
    "Initially, we thought women were more distressed by frequent work contact because it interfered with their family responsibilities more so than men," study author Paul Glavin, a doctoral student at the University of Toronto, said in a statement. "However, this wasn’t the case. We found that women are able to juggle their work and family lives just as well as men, but they feel more guilty as a result of being contacted. This guilt seems to be at the heart of their distress."
    The survey sample tended to skew(使偏颇)older(average age 47)and female(59%), and participants were more likely to be married and to have higher education and income levels than the general population. But given the blurring of boundaries between work and home life, the study raises important issues, especially for working women. Indeed, within the surveyed group, women consistently reported more guilt despite their type of job, income level or their particular "division of labor" and responsibilities at home.
    The first step is to try to understand why women feel more guilty. Wrote the researchers: Despite the reality that family structures and parenting practices change with broader social and economic contexts, the gender contingencies(偶发事件)that we find in the associations between work contact and guilt and distress suggest that salient(突出的)gender differences remain with regard to work-family role expectations. In other words, even though more men are taking part in raising the kids and doing housework, and more women are earning incomes outside the home, it’s possible that women still perceive the work-life balance differently because of enduring gender roles.
    "These forces may lead some women to question or negatively evaluate their family role performance when they’re trying to navigate(应对)work issues at home," co-author Scott Schieman, a professor at the University of Toronto, told Reuters.
Gender contingencies suggest that the obvious gender difference is still relevant to______.
选项 A、the family responsibilities given to the couple
B、the work that they are engaged in
C、the discrimination from the public
D、the work-family role expectations
答案D
解析 细节辨认题。定位句指出，显著的性别差异仍然存在于关于工作、家庭的角色期待中。remain with regard to work-family role expectations是关键的提示信息，题干中的relevant to是对原文中with regard to的同义转述，因此答案为D)“工作、家庭的角色期待”。
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