首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Child developmental psychologist Jean Piaget convinced us that young, undeveloped minds couldn’t handle complex concepts because
Child developmental psychologist Jean Piaget convinced us that young, undeveloped minds couldn’t handle complex concepts because
admin
2022-04-20
114
问题
Child developmental psychologist Jean Piaget convinced us that young, undeveloped minds couldn’t handle complex concepts because they simply weren’t experienced or mature enough yet. Piaget, in fact, believed that young kids could not understand cause and effect, that they couldn’t think logically, and that they also couldn’t handle abstract ideas.
But child development specialists are finding out that preschoolers without any formal education may have the capacity to understand more complex concepts than we give them credit for.
Alison Gopnik, professor of psychology at University of California Berkeley and her team devised a way to test how well young kids understand the abstract concept of multiple cause and effect—the idea that there may be more than one cause for a single effect. They pitted preschoolers around 4 years old against undergraduates. The study centered around a toy that could be turned on by placing a single blue-colored block on the toy’s tray, but could also be activated if two blocks—orange and purple—were placed on the tray.
The preschoolers were adept at figuring out that the blue blocks turned on the toy, as did the purple and orange ones, but that the purple and orange ones needed to be paired together. The undergraduates, however, had a harder time accepting the latter solution. Their previous experience in the world hampered their ability to accept the unusual rules that activated the toy.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins University found a similar effect among preschoolers when it came to math. Previous studies showed that if you present infants with eight objects over and over until they got bored, and then showed them 16, they suddenly regained interest and sensed that things changed. Even before they are taught about numbers or amounts, then, infants seem to have a grasp on quantity. "All the evidence so far leads us to believe that this is something that babies come into the world with," says Melissa Kibbe, co-author of that study. According to her research, the preschoolers had some concept of quantity, and the appropriate amount that they needed to get from a small quantity to a larger one. And there doesn’t seem to be any gender differences in this inborn ability, at least not among the girls and boys Kibbe studied.
Kibbe’s and Gopnik’s recent work may have broader implications for education, since current math curricula in schools may not be ideal for nurturing the number sense that kids are born with. "There’s an exciting movement in psychology over the past decade, as we learn that students bring certain capabilities, or inborn knowledge that we hadn’t thought they had before," says Jon Star, at the Harvard University Graduate School of Education.
Though it may be too early to translate such findings to the classroom, the results lay the groundwork for studying similar inborn skills and how they might be better understood. "The hard part is, educationally, how do you build up and upon this intuitive knowledge in a way that allows a child to capture the complexity but not hold them back. " says Tina Grotzer, associate professor of education at Harvard. Tapping into a child’s still developing sense of numbers and quantities is one thing, but overloading it with too many new constructs about algebra, unknowns, and problem solving may just end up adversely affecting his learning and academic performance. "As soon as concepts get big and complex, there are all sorts of perceptual, attentional, and cognitive costs and challenges involved," she says.
选项
答案
F
解析
Tina Grotzer出现在末段。该段结尾处指出,若充斥过多有关代数、未知数以及如何解决问题这样的新概念就会适得其反,影响到孩子的学习和学习成绩。蒂娜说:“一旦观念变得庞大而复杂,孩子在知觉上、注意力上和认知上都将付出代价并面临挑战”。F项“太大、太复杂的概念会对孩子造成不良影响”中的adverse effects和too big 0r too complex concepts分别与原文中的all…costs and challenges和concepts get big and complex相对应。故答案选F。由末段可知,蒂娜认为难点在于,在不影响孩子其他能力的前提下让孩子掌握复杂运算,而A项 “认为很难帮助孩子掌握复杂的概念”缺少了“不影响其他能力”这一必要条件,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/0Fi4777K
0
考研英语二
相关试题推荐
Theword"this"(Paragraph1)probablyrefersto______.Thepotentialforhazardousweedsdevelopingfromgeneticallymodified
Excitement,fatigue,andanxietycanallbedetectedfromsomeone’sblinks,accordingtopsychologistJohnStern(21)Washington
Excitement,fatigue,andanxietycanallbedetectedfromsomeone’sblinks,accordingtopsychologistJohnStern(21)Washington
WholesalepricesinJulyrosemoresharplythanexpectedandatafasterratethanconsumerprices,【1】thatbusinesseswerestill
Leadingdoctorstodayweighinonthedebateoverthegovernment’sroleinpromotingpublichealthbydemandingthatministersi
Leadingdoctorstodayweighinonthedebateoverthegovernment’sroleinpromotingpublichealthbydemandingthatministersi
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
Writealettertoyourcompanyaskingforfivedaysleave,statingyourreason(s),andthewaystomakeupforit.Youshouldw
Wemaythinkweknowtherevealingsignsoflying,beitshiftyeyesornervousbehaviors.Professionalinterrogatorslookfors
随机试题
“骨痿”作为病名首见于
有关执行医嘱的操作正确的是
从事医疗废物集中处置活动的单位,必须获得经营许可证。该许可证应向哪个部门申请领取
痹证日久,邪痹心脉,瘀阻不通,心血运行不畅多导致()
2009年,甲、乙、丙、丁共同设立A有限责任公司。丙以下列哪一理由提起解散公司的诉讼法院应予受理?(2011年卷三27题,单选)
已知平面简谐波的方程为y=Aeos(Bt-Cx),式中A、B、C为正常数,此波的波长和波速分别为()。
在工程施工过程中,监理工程师检查实际进度时发现某工作的总时差由原计划的5天变为3天,则说明工作M的实际进度( )。
在Word中,将光标移动到文档左侧的选择栏,然后双击,可以选定()。
根据下列资料,回答下列问题。2017年第一季度,某省农林牧渔业增加值361.78亿元,比上年同期增长5.9%,高于上年同期0.2个百分点,具体情况如下:该省种植业增加值119.21亿元,比上年同期增长8.2%。其中蔬菜种植面积358.8
层次模型和网状模型统称为
最新回复
(
0
)