首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Ask most people to list what makes them like someone on first meeting and they’ll tell you personality, intelligence, sense of h
Ask most people to list what makes them like someone on first meeting and they’ll tell you personality, intelligence, sense of h
admin
2011-01-11
36
问题
Ask most people to list what makes them like someone on first meeting and they’ll tell you personality, intelligence, sense of humor. But they’re probably deceiving themselves. The characteristic that impresses people the most, when meeting anyone from a job applicant to a blind date, is appearance. And unfair and unenlightened as it may seem, attractive people are frequently preferred over their less attractive peers.
Research begun in the early 1970s has shown that not only do good looks influence such things as choice of friends, lovers, and mates, but that they can also affect school grades, selection for jobs, and even the outcome of a trial. Psychologist Ellen Berscheid of the University of Minnesota and psychologist Elaine Walster, then at the University of Wisconsin, were among the first researchers to deal with the topic of attractiveness. Their seminal 1974 paper on the subject showed that the more attractive a person, the more desirable characteristics others will attribute to him or her. Attractive people are viewed as being happier, more sensitive, more interesting, warmer, more poised, more sociable, and as having better character than their less attractive counterparts. Psychologist Karen Dion of the University of Toronto has dubbed this stereotypical view as: "What is beautiful is good".
Our current work at old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, with colleagues and students, focuses on the role that appearance plays in judgments made about people. Our studies have been done in a variety of settings: basic research laboratories, beauty and cosmetics industry labs, plastic and reconstructive surgery practices, psychiatric hospitals, and psychotherapeutic consulting rooms.
One topic that has led to many avenues of research is how attractiveness influences sex-typing—the tendency of people to attribute certain stereotypical qualities to each sex. Besides being perceived as sensitive, kind, interesting, and generally happy, attractive people tend to fit easily into sexual stereotypes, according to a study done by Barry Gillen, a social psychologist in our department.
Gillen speculated that attractive people possess two types of "goodness", one related to and the other unrelated to their sex. To test this hypothesis he showed a group of students photographs of both men and women of high, moderate, and low attractiveness, as determined by the previous rankings of students according to a seven-point scale (contrary to popular belief, researchers usually don’t use the Bo Derek scale of 10). The judges were asked to rate the subjects according to the masculinity, femininity, and social desirability scales of the Bern Sex Role Inventory. Gillen’s study found that attractive women were perceived as being more feminine, and that attractive men were viewed as being more masculine than their less attractive counterparts. This suggests a second stereotype: "What is beautiful is sex-typed."
One implication of Gillen’s work that we wanted to test was whether good looks are a disadvantage for some people, especially women, in work situations that conflict with sexual stereotypes. By the late 1970s, there was already a sizable body of literature documenting the problems women face because of sex-role stereotypes. We speculated that attractive women might be at a real disadvantage when they aspire to occupations in which stereotypically masculine traits—such as being strong, independent, and decisive—are thought to be required for success.
To test that possibility we did a study with Gillen and Steve Burns, a student in our department, in which professional personnel consultants were hired to rate a "job applicant’s" suitability for six positions. We matched the positions for the skill required, the prestige offered, and the degree of supervisory independence allowed. Two jobs were stereotypically masculine (automobile salesperson, and wholesale hardware shipping and receiving clerk), two feminine (telephone operator and office receptionist) and two were sex-neutral (motel desk clerk and photographic darkroom assistant).
Each of the seventy-two personnel consultants who participated received a resume package for an individual that contained the typical kinds of information that a job applicant might submit: academic standing, a list of hobbies and interests, specific skills and recommendations from teachers and counselors. All of the resumes were identical with the exception of the name ("John" vs. "Janet" Williams) and the inclusion of a photograph of the applicant. Photographs showed either an extremely attractive applicant or an unattractive one, previously judged on an attractiveness scale.
The author in Paragraph 3 lists a variety of settings of their research in order to ______.
选项
A、show that they are concerned with the issue under discussion
B、convince readers of all the effort they have put into the research
C、convince readers of the validity of their research result
D、demonstrate they have spent more time than other researchers
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/0LgO777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI二级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI二级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeopleareanxiousandself-conscious;thatis,theyaree
Foreachofthesetargetedmarkets,thetechnologytransferbrokershaveidentifiedseveralneedsandhaveperformedmatchingre
Inspiring,chicandeffortlesslyelegant—that’swhatdesignersatLondonFashionWeekhailedKateMiddleton’sstyle,ashersa
Inspiring,chicandeffortlesslyelegant—that’swhatdesignersatLondonFashionWeekhailedKateMiddleton’sstyle,ashersa
Topreventhouseholdfires,allflammableliquidsandcombustiblematerialsshouldbedisposed______.
Artificialflowersareusedforscientificaswellasfordecorativepurpose.Theyaremadefromavarietyofmaterials,suchas
Liketheeldergenerationswhorefrainfrommakingpurchasesuntiltheyhavesavedenoughmoney,theyoungergeneration’sconcep
Thefutureofthiscompanyispromising:manyofitstalentedemployeesareflowingintomoreprofitablenet-basedbusiness.
Ateverystageofprocessing,productsandmaterialsshouldbeprotectedfrommicrobialandother______.
A、Strongdemandsformobilephones.B、Increasingsalesofpersonalcomputers.C、Continuingdemandsforcars.D、Increasingsales
随机试题
A.高锝[99mTc]酸盐离子B.99mTc-HMPAOC.99mTc-MIBID.99mTc-DMSAE.99mTc-HL91透过血脑屏障到达脑组织,用于脑血流显像的是
在临床上,腰椎间盘突出的主要原因是
药代动力学( )。复方制剂如其配伍与药代动力学有关时( )。
对公路工程中发生的质量问题,负责调查处理的单位应该是()。
下列各项中,属于城镇土地使用税特点的有()。
算法歧视是以算法为手段实施的歧视,主要指在大数据背景下、依靠机器计算的自动决策系统在对数据主体做出决策分析时,由于数据和算法本身不具有中立性或者隐含错误、被人为操控等原因,对数据主体进行差别对待,造成歧视性后果。根据上述定义,下列属于算法歧视的是:
请使用【答题】菜单命令或直接用VC6打开考生文件夹下的工程prog3,其中声明了ValArray类,该类在内部维护一个动态分配的整型数组。ViArray类的复制构造函数应实现对象的深层复制。请编写ValArray类的复制构造函数。在main函数中给出了一组
生活是一望无际的大海,人便是大海上的一叶小舟,大海没有风平浪静的时候,所以,人也总是有【139】也有忧愁。当无名的烦恼袭来,失意与彷徨燃烧着每一根神经。但是,朋友,别忘了守住一颗宁静的心,痛苦将不再有。每个人的前面都有【140】通向远方的路,崎岖
Thetownitself,letusadmit,isugly.Ithasasmug,placidairandyouneedtimetodiscoverwhatitisthatmakesitdiffere
Thefollowingisapassageaboutinventorsandtheirinventions.Newinventionsareappearingeverydaytomakeourlivesea
最新回复
(
0
)