首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may not always rise to the newly broadened clinical defini
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may not always rise to the newly broadened clinical defini
admin
2015-05-24
41
问题
Eating when you’re not hungry—especially high-calorie, high-fat foods—may not always rise to the newly broadened clinical definition of an eating disorder. But the behavior that for many Americans is a routine pastime certainly contributes to excess weight gain, with its implications for health. And it is considered "disordered eating" by most mental health professionals.
A study published Thursday in the journal Science adds to evidence that binge eating—and overeating generally may have a biological basis. The new research, conducted on mice, suggests a target in the brain that drug developers should consider in exploring treatments for such disordered eating.
Not surprisingly, researchers focused their attention on the hypothalamus, one of the brain’s most primitive structures, a key node in the brain circuitry that drives us to eat and drink, to seek out sexual partners, and generally to crave more of what makes us feel good. From its seat in the brain’s deepest recesses, the lateral hypothalamus is lashed up to the amygdala, where basic, powerful emotions such as fear, anger and love are processed.
As part of the limbic system, these structures evolved early in the rise of mammals to ensure that the necessities for survival and reproduction got top billing in behavior.
In the 1960s, neuroscientists electrically stimulated the lateral hypothalamus and saw that it played a key role in feeding behavior, and in the reinforcement of feeding behavior. But how it did that remained a mystery.
To explore how the lateral hypothalamus governs eating behavior, a group of researchers from the University of North Carolina used mice and a relatively new technique: To discern how certain cells work, they genetically engineered the cells to respond to light; then, they turned those cells on and off, essentially, with a miniature flashlight, and watched the resulting behavior.
The researchers applied the on-off treatment to a group of cells in the amygdala and their projections into the lateral hypothalamus. They hypothesized that the cells, called the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, interact with the hypothalamus to regulate eating.
Sure enough, when they "turned on" these unique cells in mice who were well fed, the result was rapid and striking: The animals immediately launched into "voracious feeding behavior". And the mice clearly enjoyed the impulse to pig out: They showed a clear preference for being in the space they associated with having the cells turned on.
Moreover, given the choice, the animals made a beeline to high-fat, high-calorie foods.
The trick worked more dramatically when the mice’s food was restricted and they were then allowed to eat at will. But even when the mice were well fed, those with the targeted cells turned on continued to eat well after they would have been filled up.
Research has suggested that stress, genes and environmental factors, such as the ubiquity of high-calorie, high-fat foods, all may trigger overeating. But if future therapies aim to fortify the vulnerable against those triggers, they might well focus on the special cells targeted here, the researchers said.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the function of the hypothalamus?
选项
A、Driving us to eat and drink.
B、Urging us to find a spouse.
C、Making us to desire good feelings.
D、Helping us to feel fear, anger and love.
答案
D
解析
细节题。由题干定位至第三段第一句。由该句后半部分“…a key node in the brain circuitry thatdrives us to eat and drink,to seek out sexual partners,and generally to crave more of what makes us feelgood.”可知,只有[D]“帮助我们感觉到害怕、生气和爱”不是hypothalamus的作用。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/0ROO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、thedevelopmentofthemarket.B、thestrengthoftheAmericaneconomy.C、theprospectoflowinflationandlowemployment.D、t
Indeedtheoldcottagehasalwaysbeensomethingsoverycloseandsofamiliartous,thatitscharmshavebeenalmostentirely
ThomasMalthuspublishedhisEssayonthePrincipleofPopulationalmost200yearsago.Eversincethen,forecastershavebeing
HowtoPresentaSeminarPaperToinvolvetheirstudentsmoreactivelyinthelearningprocess,manyuniversityteachersusua
FairFaresRailways:CheaperTicketsWillNotSolveRail’sProblemsMostofthetime,parliamentarycommitteereportsembody
______isthenationalsymbolofAustralia.
StephenKrashen’s______isoneofthemostfamoustheoriesamongdifferentmodelsoflanguageacquisition.
Thestudyofhowsoundsareputtogetherandusedtoconveymeaningincommunicationis
AmongthefourmaximsintroducedbyGrice,whichonemeansthatinconversationweshouldbeasinformativeasrequired?
随机试题
坚持与时俱进,最重要的是()
A.烦渴引饮B.多尿而频C.消谷善饥D.口干舌燥消渴病,肺热津伤证最突出的症状是
下列选项中,关于成人心肺复苏的叙述,错误的是
下列解表药中兼有化湿和中功效的是
下列资产中,属于流动资产的有()。
将关键事件归并为若干绩效指标,并建立绩效评价等级的绩效考评方法为()。
注意的稳定性是注意品质的()方面的特性。
桑代克认为,动物的学习是由于在反复尝试错误的过程中形成了稳定以及有区别的()。
前所未有的机遇和挑战
CollegeLifeAmericancollegeanduniversitystudentswho【T1】______awayfromtheirfamiliesaregenerallyhousedin【T2】____
最新回复
(
0
)