首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
The operation known as a hemispherectomy—the removal of half the brain-sounds too radical to ever consider, much less perform. I
The operation known as a hemispherectomy—the removal of half the brain-sounds too radical to ever consider, much less perform. I
admin
2015-10-20
79
问题
The operation known as a hemispherectomy—the removal of half the brain-sounds too radical to ever consider, much less perform. In the past century, however, surgeons have done it hundreds of times for disorders that cannot be controlled any other way. Perhaps surprisingly, the surgery has no apparent effect on personality or memory. Does that mean a person needs only half a brain? Yes and no. People can survive and function pretty well after the procedure, but they will have some physical disabilities.
The first known hemispherectomy was performed on a dog in 1888 by German physiologist Friedrich Goltz. Neurosurgeon Walter Dandy pioneered the use of the procedure on humans at Johns Hopkins University in 1923, operating on a patient who had a brain tumor. That man lived for more than three years before ultimately dying from cancer.
In 1938, after performing a hemispherectomy on a 16-year-old girl, Canadian neurosurgeon Kenneth McKenzie reported that it could stop seizures, a neurological disorder in the brain. And today brain surgeons perform hemispherectomies on patients who undergo dozens of seizures daily that resist all medication and stem from conditions that primarily afflict one hemisphere. "These disorders are often progressive and damage the rest of the brain if not treated," explains neurosurgeon Gary W. Mathern of the University of California, Los Angeles.
The surgery takes two forms. Anatomical hemispherectomies involve the removal of an entire hemisphere, whereas functional hemispherectomies take out only parts of a hemisphere—as well as severing the connections between the two halves of the brain. Doctors often prefer anatomical hemispherectomies because "leaving even a little bit of brain behind can lead seizures to return," says neurologist John Freeman of Johns Hopkins, which specializes in the procedure. On the other hand, functional hemispherectomies, which U.C.LA. surgeons usually perform, lead to less blood loss. "Our patients are usually under two years of age, so they have less blood to lose," Mathern says. Neurosurgeons have performed the functional operation on children as young as three months old. In these tiny patients, memory and personality develop normally.
Most Johns Hopkins hemispherectomy patients are older than five years. A recent study found that 86 percent of the 111 children who underwent the procedure at Johns Hopkins between 1975 and 2001 are either seizure-free or have non-disabling seizures that do not require medication. Another study found that children who underwent a hemispherectomy often improved academically once their seizures stopped. "One was champion bowler of her class, one was chess champion of his state, and others are in college doing very nicely," Freeman notes.
It can be inferred from the last paragraph that
选项
A、patients undergoing a hemispherectomy are very likely to have seizures again.
B、anatomical hemispherectomy is better than functional hemispherectomy.
C、seizures may cause brain damages and lead to mental impairment.
D、patients recovered from seizures are smarter than others.
答案
A
解析
事实细节题。考查因果细节,根据题干定位到第四段,其中讲到如果不完全切除大脑半球,就算只有极少的残余也会导致癫痫复发,故A项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/0VzZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
StrangethingshavebeenhappeningtoEngland.Still【1】fromthedissolutionoftheempireintheyears【2】WorldWarⅡ,nowtheEn
StrangethingshavebeenhappeningtoEngland.Still【1】fromthedissolutionoftheempireintheyears【2】WorldWarⅡ,nowtheEn
Doanimalshaverights?Thisishowthequestionisusuallyput.Itsoundslikeauseful,groundclearingwaytostart.(46)Actu
Theinventionofbothlabor-savingtoolsandtoolsofintelligenceisrarelyaccidental.Instead,itisusuallytheproductofh
Theinventionofbothlabor-savingtoolsandtoolsofintelligenceisrarelyaccidental.Instead,itisusuallytheproductofh
Thequestionofwhereinsightscomefromhasbecomeahottopicinneuroscience,despitethefactthattheyarenoteasytoindu
OnecountrythatiscertainoftheeffectoffilmsontourismisAustralia.TheTouristOfficeofQueenslandsaythat"Crocodile
Accordingtothepassage,whichorganizationsraisedtheproposaltostopthepracticeofliedetectionevidenceinmilitarycou
Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresou
TimothyBerners-Lee,mightbegivingBillGatesarunforthemoney,buthepasseduphisshotatfabulouswealth—intentionally—
随机试题
Naturehasdevisedmanywaystoprotectcreatures’eyes.Themostcommonprotectionistheeyelid—afoldofskinthatclosesove
右上颌窦恶性肿瘤已破坏上颌窦后壁,同侧下颌角处见一淋巴结,直径约2.5cm,未见明显远处转移征象。该肿瘤最可能的TNM分期为
《实验室和检查机构资质认定管理办法》(质检总局令第86号)与《检验检测机构资质认定管理办法》(质检总局令第163号)比较,在评审要素结构上做了较大改变。现场评审核查内容由“管理要求”“技术要求”2个评审要求,19个要素()观察条款,变为
启动是指()。
证券投资的管理成本包括()
《企业会计准则第8号——资产减值》准则中的资产,除了特别规定外,只包括单项资产,不包括资产组。()
某市公安宣传部门对2015~2017年间影响较大的涉警事件发生后的舆情公关关注度做了分析研究(如下表)。结果显示,事件发生后,若能准确把握两个关键的时间节点,处置就可以取得更佳效果。这两个关键的时间节点为()。
东部地区各省市中2009年商品房销售额最高的是()。
根据我国现行宪法和法律的规定,有权决定扣押或者拆检公民信件的国家机关是()。
编制一个心理测验需具备的基本条件是()
最新回复
(
0
)