首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The United Nations The United Nations, or UN, is an international organization established in 1945. The UN describes itself
The United Nations The United Nations, or UN, is an international organization established in 1945. The UN describes itself
admin
2010-05-26
85
问题
The United Nations
The United Nations, or UN, is an international organization established in 1945. The UN describes itself as a "global association of governments facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, and social equity." It was founded by 51 states and as of 2005 it consists of 191 member states, including virtually all internationally-recognized independent nations. From its headquarters in New York City, the member countries of the UN and its specialized agencies give guidance and make decisions on substantial and administrative issues in regular meetings held throughout each year.
The organization is structurally divided into administrative bodies, including the UN General Assembly, UN Security Council, UN Economic and Social Council, UN Trusteeship Council, UN Secretariat, and the International Court of Justice, as well as counterpart bodies dealing with the governance of all other UN system agencies, for example, the WHO and UNICEF. The organization’s most visible public figure is the Secretary-General.
The UN was founded at the conclusion of World War Il by the victorious world powers, and the founders of the UN had high hopes that it would act to prevent conflicts between nations and make future wars impossible, by fostering an ideal of collective security. The organization’s structure still reflects in some ways the circumstances of its founding; specifically, in addition to the rotating national members of the prominent United Nations Security Council, there are five permanent members with veto(否决) power—the United States of America, Russia, United Kingdom, France, and People’s Republic of China (which replaced the Republic of China).
The name "United Nations" was devised by President Franklin D. Roosevelt and was first used in the "Declaration by United Nations" of 1 January 1942, during the Second World War, when representatives of 26 nations pledged their Governments to continue fighting together against the Axis Powers.
The United Nations Charter was drawn up by the representatives of 50 countries at the United Nations Conference on International Organization, which was held at San Francisco from 25 April to 26 June, 1945 .They deliberated on the basis of proposals worked out by the representatives of China, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States at Dumbarton Oaks in August-October 1944. The Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the representatives of the 50 countries; Poland, not represented at the Conference, signed it later and became one of the original 51 Member States.
The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, when the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States and by a majority of other signatories; 24 October is celebrated, each year as United Nations Day.
Preamble to the Charter
The Preamble(序言) to the Charter expresses the ideals and common aims of all the peoples whose governments joined together to form the United Nations:
We the peoples of the United Nations
Determined
To save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect fro the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of in- ternational law can be maintained, and
To promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,
And for these ends,
To practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another
As good neighbours, and
To unite our strength to maintain international peace and
Security, and
To ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution
Of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and
To employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of all peoples,
Have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims.
Accordingly, our respective Governments, through representatives assembled in the city of San Francisco who have exhibited their full powers found to be in good and due form, have agreed to the present Charter of the United Nations and do hereby establish an international organization to be known as the United Nations.
Purposes and Principles
The purposes of the United Nations, as set forth in the Charter, are:
To maintain international peace and security;
To develop friendly relations among nations;
To co-operate internationally in solving international economic, social, cultural and humanitarian problems and in promoting respect for human fights and fundamental freedoms;
To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in attaining these common ends.
The United Nations acts in accordance with the following principles:
It is based on the sovereign equality of all its Members.
All Members are to fulfill in good faith their Charter obligations.
They are to refrain in their international relations from the threat or user of force against any other State.
They are to give the United Nations, every assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the Charter, and shall not assist States against which the United Nations is taking preventive or enforcement action.
The United Nations shall ensure that States which are not Members act in accordance with these principles in so far as it is necessary for the maintenance of international peace and security.
Nothing in the Charter is to authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any State.
Membership
Membership of the United Nations is open to all peace-loving nations which accept the obligations of the United Nations Charter and, in the judgment of the organization, are able and willing to carry out these obligations.
New Members are admitted by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council. The Charter provides for the suspension or expulsion of a Member for violation of the principles of the Charter, but no such action has ever been taken since the establishment of the Organization.
Official Languages
Under the Charter, the official languages of the United Nations are Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. Arabic has been added as an official language of the General Assembly, the Security Council and the Economic and Social Council.
Structure of the Organization
The Charter established six principal organs of the United Nations: the Genera] Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice and the Secretariat.
No member state has been driven out of the UN due to violating the principles of the Charter since it has been founded.
选项
A、Y
B、N
C、NG
答案
A
解析
本题在问“自从联合国成立以来还没有任何一个会员国因违反联合国宪章而被驱逐出联合国”这一表述是否正确。Membership一项中的第2段第2句说道:“The Charter provides for the suspension or expulsion of a Member for violation of the principles of the Charter,but no such action has ever been taken since the establishment of the organization”,因此得到答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/0Zj7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、Editorials.B、Entertainmentsupplements.C、Weatherreports.D、Local,regional,andinternationalnews.B录音中提到“…anenlargedSun
ExaminationshavealongerhistoryinChinathaninanyothercountry,yetitistodayanissuearoundinwhichcontroversyflou
ExaminationshavealongerhistoryinChinathaninanyothercountry,yetitistodayanissuearoundinwhichcontroversyflou
Time,asweknowit,isaveryrecentinvention.Themodemtime-senseishardlyolderthantheUnitedStates.Itisaby-produc
Time,asweknowit,isaveryrecentinvention.Themodemtime-senseishardlyolderthantheUnitedStates.Itisaby-produc
Time,asweknowit,isaveryrecentinvention.Themodemtime-senseishardlyolderthantheUnitedStates.Itisaby-produc
Time,asweknowit,isaveryrecentinvention.Themodemtime-senseishardlyolderthantheUnitedStates.Itisaby-produc
Time,asweknowit,isaveryrecentinvention.Themodemtime-senseishardlyolderthantheUnitedStates.Itisaby-produc
Time,asweknowit,isaveryrecentinvention.Themodemtime-senseishardlyolderthantheUnitedStates.Itisaby-produc
Time,asweknowit,isaveryrecentinvention.Themodemtime-senseishardlyolderthantheUnitedStates.Itisaby-produc
随机试题
烧、烩、蒸、扒类菜品零点时一般选用12寸圆盘或14寸腰盘,筵席一般选用14~16寸圆盘或18寸腰盘。()
问卷语言的要求。
无形产品的特点有
男,46岁,3个月前因外伤一上前牙脱落,今要求烤瓷修复。口腔检查:左上1缺失,间隙正常,牙槽嵴无明显吸收。右上1牙冠1/2缺损,已露髓,探稍敏感,叩诊阴性,无松动。左上2牙冠良好,叩诊阴性,无松动。上下前牙牙龈轻度红肿,易出血,可见菌斑及牙石。余牙未见异常
A清热解毒,疏散风热B清热解毒,凉血消肿C清热燥湿,泻火解毒D清热燥湿,泻肝胆火E清热解毒,消肿散结龙胆草的功效是
某企业于2008年9月接受一项产品安装任务,安装期5个月,合同总收入40万元,年度预收款项12万元,余款在安装完成时收回,预计总成本为30万元。2008年末请专业测量师测量,产品安装程度为60%。该项劳务影响2008年度利润总额的金额为()。
房地产经营管理项目财务评价指标主要有()等。
目前,我国由于升大学竞争和就业竞争的现实性矛盾,学校教育陷入应试教育的模式中,而这种竞争也影响到学前教育阶段。如社会上风行的“零岁方案”“神童方案”。一些幼儿园迫于家长压力或经济利益的驱动,提前给幼儿学习计算、汉语拼音,把小学的教育内容下放到幼儿园,并且办
“用最严谨的标准、最严格的监管、最严厉的处罚、最严肃的问责,确保广大人民群众‘舌尖上的安全’”。不久前闭幕的中央农村工作会议,把食品安全放在更加重要的位置来谋划,四个“最”________,一个“确保”________。这样的宣示与承诺,对农产品生产提出了
在微型计算机内部,对汉字进行传输、处理和存储时使用汉字的_______。
最新回复
(
0
)