2. 医学
  3. In this part there is an essay in Chinese. Read it carefully and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEE

In this part there is an essay in Chinese. Read it carefully and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEE

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问题 In this part there is an essay in Chinese. Read it carefully and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that your summary covers the major points of the passage.
                                                                未来医学发展趋势
     根据现代医学的发展轨迹和社会的发展趋势，未来20年或30年，医学将发生很大的变化。
     一、医学的任务将从以防病、治病为主逐步转向以维护和增强健康、提高人的生命质量为主。在未来寻求医学服务的，不再仅仅是患者，还会有相当数量的正常人；询医问诊的人，也不仅仅是因为躯体的缺欠或某个系统有病患的患者，相当多的人是为得到生活指导和心理咨询而求医：医生开出的不会全是去药房取药的处方，还有如何提高生活质量的处方。医学的对象将从以患者为主的模式逐步转变成面向整个人群的模式。因此，整个社会卫生资源的配置将重点分为两极，即社区医学服务与医学中心。有相当数量的医生是从事社区服务的全科医生，而比全科医生多得多的，从某种意义上来说，更直接、更有效、更节省资源的是社区护理队伍。社区护理队伍包括家庭病床服务、老年公寓服务及社区围产与婴幼儿服务等。
     二、信息学、生物信息学将改变医学工作的方式。长期以来精心保存的厚厚的病历，将被一张可以记载一个人一生的病情变化、诊疗经过甚至全部影像资料的卡片代替。病历不再只是在某医院、某时期的病情档案的记录，而是其一生的健康与疾病变化的记载。预计在不久的将来，作为医学咨询或医疗、预防等辅助手段，电子医疗和网上医院一定会走向社会，走入市场。但必须强调的是：无论科学怎样发达，诊断或治疗手段如何先进，电子医疗、远程会诊都不能代替最基本的医生与患者面对面直接的诊疗。各种先进的医疗手段都很重要，但最重要的还是医生的基本功，而医生使用计算机的能力只是医生的基本功之一。
     三、医学工作的范围将从“出生到死亡”扩展为“生前到死后”。以往，人们认为“人从生到死，总离不开医生”。如今，在人还未出生的时候(胎生期)，医生就可以对某种疾病做出正确的诊断，并可进行外科治疗，从而矫正畸形、修复缺损，待手术完毕，再把胎儿还纳子宫，使胎儿正常发育，待其成熟后娩出。此时不仅畸形或缺损得以矫正，而且连瘢痕都没有，这就是所谓的胎儿外科。当今的医院儿科还只是从新生儿开始，在不久的将来，在妇产科和儿科之间，将出现一个新兴的交叉学科——胎儿学科。现在，脑死亡者是个宝贵的卫生资源，在医学领域不仅具有可供利用、造福世人的价值，更具有研究的价值，如器官保存、组织与细胞的保存与增值，都是新的研究课题和有发展前途的医学新领域。
选项
答案 According to the development path of modern medicine and the development trend of society, in the next 20 or 30 years, medicine will undergo great changes. Firstly, the task of medicine will gradually shift from preventing and treating diseases to maintaining and enhancing health and improving people’s quality of life. People see a doctor not only because of diseases treatment but also for health guidance. Accordingly, the allocation of the entire social health resources will be divided into two poles, the Community Medical Services and Medical Center. Considerable general practitioners with much bigger-scaled community nursing teams will be engaged in community services. Secondly, informatics and bioinformatics will change the way medicine works. Medical records will be replaced by a card that can record all the medical information including a doctor’s change of condition, diagnosis and treatment, or even all image data. Advanced medical technologies as there are, face-to-face treatments between doctors and patients can’t be replaced. Thirdly, the scope of medical work will expand from "birth to death" to "before and after death." Doctors can give correct diagnosis of a certain disease and perform surgical treatment during the period of fetus, which is called Fetal Surgery, an emerging interdisciplinary subject - Fetal Subjects. Meanwhile, medical work will extend to the scope of posthumous organ utilization.
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