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  3. We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of d

We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of d

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问题     We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of drawing as, primarily, an art form rather than a tool for learning.
    Researchers, teachers, and artists are starting to see how drawing can positively impact a wide variety of skills and disciplines.
    Most of us have spent some time drawing before, but at some point, most of us stop drawing. There are people who don’t, obviously, and thank god for that: a world without designers and artists would be a very shabby one indeed.
    Some argue that so many adults have abandoned drawing because we’ve miscategorized it and given it a very narrow definition. In his book, Stick Figures: Drawing as a Human Practice, Professor D. B. Dowd argues that we have misfiled the significance of drawing because we see it as a professional skill instead of a personal capacity. We mistakenly think of "good" drawings as those which work as recreations of the real world, as realistic illusions. Rather, drawing should be recategorized as a symbolic tool.
    Human beings have been drawing for 73,000 years. It’s part of what it means to be human. We don’t have the strength of chimpanzees (大猩猩) because we’ve given up animal strength to manipulate subtle instruments, like hammers, spears, and—later—pens and pencils. The human hand is an extremely dense network of nerve endings. In many ways, human beings are built to draw.
    Some researchers argue that doodling (涂画) activates the brain’s so-called default circuit— essentially, the areas of the brain responsible for maintaining a baseline level of activity in the absence of other stimuli. Because of this, some believe that doodling during a boring lecture can help students pay attention. In one study, participants were asked to listen to a list of names while either doodling or sitting still. Those who doodled remembered 29 percent more of the names than those who did not.
    There’s also evidence that drawing talent is based on how accurately someone perceives the world. The human visual system tends to misjudge size, shape, color, and angles but artists perceive these qualities more accurately than non-artists. Cultivating drawing talent can become an essential tool to improve people’s observational skills in fields where the visual is important.
    Rather than think of drawing as a talent that some creative people are gifted in, we should consider it as a tool for seeing and understanding the world better—one that just so happens to double as an art form. Both absent-minded doodling and copying from life have been shown to positively affect your memory and visual perception, so complain loudly the next time your school board slashes the art department’s budget.
What have some researchers found from one study about doodling?
选项 A、It is a must for maintaining a base level of brain activity.
B、It can turn something boring into something interesting.
C、It is the most reliable stimulant to activate the brain.
D、It helps improve concentration and memory.
答案D
解析 由题干中的study和doodling定位到第六段第二至四句。细节理解题。第六段第二句提到，一些人认为在枯燥的讲座中涂鸦可以帮助学生集中注意力，而随后两句提到，在一项研究中，参与者被要求在涂鸦或静坐时听一张名单，涂鸦的人比没有涂鸦的人多记住29％的名字。综合可知，涂鸦有助于提高注意力和记忆力，故答案为D)。第六段第一句指出，涂鸦能激活负责维持活动基本水平的大脑区域，但这是在没有其他刺激的情况下，也就是说，有其他刺激的情况下，并不需要涂鸦来激活这个大脑区域，因此涂鸦并非必要条件，故排除A)；B)是针对本段第二句提到的a boring lecture所设置的干扰，但原文只是说在枯燥的讲座中涂鸦可以帮助学生集中注意力，并没有说可以把无聊的事情变得有趣，故排除B)；本段第一句虽然提到涂鸦能激活大脑的某些区域，但并未提到它是最可靠的，故排除C)。
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