首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
TV Linked to Lower Marks A)The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets were turned on. Now t
TV Linked to Lower Marks A)The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets were turned on. Now t
admin
2013-11-21
43
问题
TV Linked to Lower Marks
A)The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets were turned on. Now three new studies find that too much tube time can lower test scores, retard learning and even pre-diet college performance. The reports appear in the July issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.
B)In the first report, researchers studied the effect that having a TV in a child’s bedroom can have on third graders. "We looked at the household media environment in relation to academic achievement on mathematics, reading and language arts tests," said study author Dina L.G. Borzekowski, an assistant professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
C)Borzekowski and her colleague, Dr. Thomas Robinson of Stanford University, collected data on 386 third graders and their parents about how much TV the children watched, the number of TV sets, computers and video game consoles in the household and where they were. They also collected data on how much time the children spent using the different media, as well as the time spent doing homework and reading. The researchers found that the media in the household, where it is and how it is used can have a profound effect on learning. "We found that the household media environment has a very close association with performance on the different test scores," Borzekowski said.
D)"A child who has a TV in his or her bedroom is likely to have a score that is eight points lower on a mathematics test compared to a child who doesn’t have a TV in the bedroom," she noted. These children also scored lower on the reading and language arts tests. However, children who have access to a home computer are likely to have higher scores on each of the tests compared with children who don’t have access to a home computer, Borzekowski noted.
E)The reasons why TV has this negative effect are not clear, Borzekowski said. "When there’s TV in the bedroom, parents are less likely to have control over the content and the amount watched," Borzekowski said. "They are also unable to know how early or how late the set is on. This seems to be associated with kids’ performance on academic tests." Borzekowski believes that content and the time the TV is on may be the primary reasons for its negative effect. "If the TV is in the family room, then parents can see the content of what children are watching," she said. "Parents can choose to sit alongside and watch, or turn the set off. A simple and straightforward, positive parenting strategy is to keep the TV out of the child’s bedroom, or remove it if it’s already there."
F)In the second report, Dr. Robert J. Hancox from the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, and colleagues found, regardless of your intelligence or social background, if you watch a lot of TV during childhood, you are a lot less likely to have a college degree by your mid-20s. In their study, the researchers followed 1,037 people born in 1972 and 1973. Every two years, between the ages of 5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. The researchers found that those who watched the most television during these years had earned fewer degrees by the time they were 26. "We found that the more television the child had watched, the more likely they were to leave school without any qualifications," Hancox said in a prepared statement. "Those who watched little television had the best chance of going on to university and earning a degree."
G)Hancox’s team found that watching TV at an early age had the most effect on graduating from college. "An interesting finding was that although teenage viewing was strongly linked to leaving school without any qualifications, it was earlier childhood viewing that had the greatest impact on getting a degree," he said. "This suggests that excessive television in younger children has a long-lasting adverse effect on educational performance."
H)In the third paper, Frederick J. Zimmerman and Dr. Dimitri A. Christakis from the University of Washington report that, for very young children, watching TV can result in lower test scores in mathematics, reading recognition and reading comprehension. "We looked at how much television children watched before age 3 and then at ages 3 to 5," Zimmerman said. "We found that for children who watched a small amount of TV in the earlier years, there was co nsiderable beneficial effect compared to children who watched a lot of TV"
I)For children aged 3 to 5, the effect was not as clear, Zimmerman said. "There were some beneficial effects of watching TV on reading, but no beneficial effects for math or vocabulary," he noted. "The worst pattern was to watch more than three hours of TV before age 3. Those kids had a significant disadvantage compared to the other kids." Parents should follow the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation, which is no TV for children under 2, Zimmerman said. "Personally, I feet the cutoff should be children under 3, because there is just not any good content for children under 3."
J)One expert believes that TV can have both positive and negative effects, but it all depends on what children are watching. "Content matters," said Deborah L. Linebarger, an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who co-authored an accompanying editorial. "Educational content has been found to be related to performance on school readiness tests, higher grades when they are teenagers, whereas, non-educational content tends to be associated with lower academic performance."
K)Another expert agrees. "TV watching takes up space that could be used by more useful things," said Dr. Christopher P. Lucas, a clinical coordinator at the Early Childhood Evaluation and Treatment Program at the New York University Child Study Center. "TV is not necessarily toxic, but is something that has to be done in moderation; something that balances the other needs of the child for healthy development."
L)Lucas puts the responsibility for how much TV kids watch and what they watch squarely on parents. "The amount of TV watching certainly has a link with the reduced amount of time reading or doing homework," he said. "The key is the amount of control parents have in limiting the amount of access. Get the TV out of the bedroom; be aware of what is being watched; limit the amount of TV watching."
According to the recommendation from American Academy of Pediatrics, children under 2 should watch no TV.
选项
答案
I
解析
细节题。根据句中American Academy of Peadiatrics和under 2可将答案定位于I)段倒数第二句。Zimmerman表示家长应该听从美国小儿科学会的建议,不要让2岁以下的孩子看电视。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/0jS7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Sometimeschildrenhavetrouble____________(把事实和想像区分开来)andmaybelievethatsuchthingsactuallyexist.
A、Becausetheyweresearchingforbetterland.B、Becausethepopulationwasincreasing.C、Becausewesternpartsweremoreprospe
A、Thewomanwasbuyingsomejamandsardines,B、Themanwasofferingtogivehisseattothewoman.C、Themanandthewomanwere
Foryearstherehavebeenendless.articlesstatingthatscientistsareonthevergeofachievingartificialintelligence,that
Whensheinterviewsteachingcandidates,principalLaurelTellerfavorstheoneswhoshowtheyhaveaheartforchildren,notju
Foryearstherehavebeenendlessarticlesstatingthatscientistsareonthevergeofachievingartificialintelligencethatis
Foryearstherehavebeenendlessarticlesstatingthatscientistsareonthevergeofachievingartificialintelligencethatis
Foryearstherehavebeenendlessarticlesstatingthatscientistsareonthevergeofachievingartificialintelligencethatis
A、Tomakethewomanangry.B、Topleasetheman’smother.C、Davidistheman’sgoodfriendD、Davidisgoodatcarryingonconver
A、Hefeelsangry.B、Heneedsattention.C、He’stooquiet.D、He’sverynervous.B男士说,Mark的情况是他想被人注意,女士说这是文章中提到的下一种原因,即对于attention
随机试题
①我曾经到过沙漠和戈壁滩。在浩瀚无涯的荒凉中,哪怕见到一棵小小的绿草,也会感到惊喜和亲切。在严酷的自然中,一棵小草的出现,往往是一种接近绿洲的信号,更是一种生命的宣言,这宣言要向世界宣传的是:顽强坚忍的生命,在任何时候、任何环境下,都不会屈服!②
某写字楼刚建成,其建筑造价实际为1000万元,建筑面积为5000m2,其基地的现时市场价格为600万元,附近类似写字楼(包含土地和建筑物)的现时市场价格为2800元/m2,则该写字楼中建筑物的合理市场价格为()万元。
已完成销售手续,但购买方在当月尚未提取的产品,销售方仍应作为本企业库存商品核算。()
一般来说,描述股市整体状况的指标是综合指标。但无论哪种指数都不可能面面俱到,总有不尽如人意的地方。以下( )指标从某个角度讲,能够弥补综合指数的不足,提前向投资者发出信号。
企业的核心竞争力体现在()。
某居民个人王某,父母65周岁,孩子正在小学就读。王某及其配偶名下均无住房,在省会工作并租房居住,2019年9月开始攻读在职博士。2019年王某收入及部分支出如下:(1)王某每月从单位领取扣除社会保险及住房公积金后的收入为11000元,截至11月底累计已
在福利方面,国家和地方的政策法规涉及的内容主要有()
针对班级学生基础较差、学习兴趣不高的情况,周老师上课时对教学内容进行了删减,增加了一些趣味性知识。这一课程实施符合()。
周甲有两个儿子,周乙和养子周丙。周乙中年病故,留有一子。周丙生活在外地,并生有一女。周甲年老体弱,身边无人照.顾,便与武某签订了遗赠扶养协议,约定死后将自己的银行存款赠与武某。2001年9月20日,周甲去世,留有房产、存款和其他动产。同年10月5日,周丙出
心理现象又称为心理活动。()
最新回复
(
0
)