首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Why does the Foundation concentrate its support on basic rather than applied research? Basic research is the very heart of scien
Why does the Foundation concentrate its support on basic rather than applied research? Basic research is the very heart of scien
admin
2013-01-12
31
问题
Why does the Foundation concentrate its support on basic rather than applied research? Basic research is the very heart of science, and its cumulative product is the capital of scientific progress, a capital that must be constantly increased as the demands upon it rise. The goal of basic research is understanding, for its own sake. Understanding of the structure of the atom or the nerve cell, the explosion of a spiral nebula or the distribution of cosmic dust, the causes of earthquakes and droughts, or of man as a behaving creature and of the social forces that are created whenever two or more human beings come into contact with one another--the scope is staggering, but the commitment to truth is the same. If the commitment were to a particular result, conflicting evidence might be overlooked or, with the best will in the world, simply not appreciated. Moreover, the practical applications of basic research frequently cannot be anticipated. When Roentgen, the physicist, discovered X-rays, he had no idea of their usefulness to medicine.
Applied research, undertaken to solve specific practical problems, has an immediate attractiveness because the results can be seen and enjoyed. For practical reasons, the sums spent on applied research in any country always far exceed those for basic research, and the proportions are more unequal in the less developed countries. Leaving aside the funds devoted to research by industry--which is naturally far more concerned with applied aspects because these increase profits quickly--the funds the U.S. Government allots to basic research currently amount to about 7 percent of its overall research and development funds. Unless adequate safeguards are provided, applied research invariably tends to drive out basic. Then, as Dr. Waterman has pointed out, "Developments will inevitably be undertaken prematurely, career incentives will gravitate strongly toward applied science, and the opportunities for making major scientific discoveries will be lost. Unfortunately, pressures to emphasize new developments, without corresponding emphasis upon pure science tend to degrade the quality of the nation’s technology in the long run, rather than to improve it."
The federal government ______.
选项
A、encourages basic research
B、devotes more than 90% of its research and development funds to applied research
C、spends far more on applied research than on military problems
D、opposes the Foundation’s grants to basic research
答案
B
解析
联邦政府把90%以上的研究和发展基金用于应用研究。作者在第二段指出,美国政府把研究基金和发展基金总量的7%左右分配给基础研究。这说明90%以上研究基金和发展基金被用于应用研究。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/0l9O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Thedevelopmentofwritingwasoneofthegreathumaninventions.Itisdifficult【51】manypeopletoimaginelanguagewithoutwri
Tosleep.Perchancetofile?FindingspublishedonlinethisweekbytheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesfurther
Whenyouputupwallpaper,shouldyou______theedgesorputthemnexttoeachother?
Anumberofresearchershaveexaminedthevariables/strategiesthataffectstudents’learningEnglishasasecondlanguage.This
St.Petersburg.TheverynamebringstomindsomeofRussia’sgreatestpoets,writersandcomposers:Pushkin,Dostoevsky,Tchaik
Thedoctorswereworriedbecausethepatientdidnotrecuperateasrapidlyastheyhadexpected.
Manywell-educatedpeopledon’tbelievethat______willendangerfreedomofspeech.
The1961missilecrisisbrought,theworldtothe______ofall-outwar.
ThecurrentemergencyinMexicoCitythathastakenoverourlivesisnothing.Icouldeverhaveimaginedformeormychildren.
Shehadrecentlyleftajobandhadhelpedherselftocopiesofthecompany’sclientdata,whichsheintendedto______instart
随机试题
A、Thedoctorwasveryrich.B、Thedoctorknewhimwell.C、Thedoctorusedthechancetothankhimforhisadvice.D、Thedoctorw
关于医德良心,下述提法中错误的是
关于肾盂肾炎,不正确的是()
下列操作中,正确关闭处于打开状态的Excel文件的方法有()。
我国进出口公司A公司以CIF伦敦向英国客商B公司出售圣诞礼品一批,由于该商品的季节性较强,买卖双方在合同中规定:买方须于4月底将信用证开抵卖方,卖方保证不迟于7月5日将货物运抵伦敦,否则,买方有权撤销合同。如卖方已结汇,卖方须将货款退还买方。问:该合同是否
反映企业偿债能力的指标不包括( )。
紧迫权:是指沿海国拥有的由本国的军舰、军用飞机或得到正式授权且有清楚可识别标志的政府船舶或飞机对违反该国法规并从该国管辖范围内的海域向公海行驶的外国船舶,在视听范围内发出停止信号后开始进行连续不断且可以持续至公海,但不能是第三国或被迫船舶本国海域的紧追的权
证明n元非齐次线性方程组Aχ=b有解的充分必要条件是ATχ=0的解全是bTχ=0的解.
在Windows 98中可按(47)键得到帮助信息。Windows 98中的“回收站”是(48)。在Windows 98资源管理器中,要恢复误删除的文件,最简单的办法是单击(49)按钮。
ThepyramidsSomeofthemostinterestingbuildingintheworldarethepyramids.Thepyramidsstandhugeandsilent,andin
最新回复
(
0
)