首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality component
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality component
admin
2012-10-23
33
问题
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality components, the sense of trust is not something that develops independent of other manifestations of growth. It is not that infants learn how to use their bodies for purposeful movement, learn to recognize people and objects around them, and also develop a sense of trust. Rather, the concept "sense of trust" is a shortcut expression intended to convey the characteristic flavor of all the child’s satisfying experiences at this early age.
Studies of mentally ill individuals and observations of infants who have been grossly deprived of affection suggest that trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality. Psychiatrists find again and again that the most serious illnesses occur in patients who have been sorely neglected or abused or otherwise deprived of love in infancy.
Observations of infants brought up in emotionally unfavorable institutions or moved to hospitals with inadequate facilities for psychological care support these findings. A recent report says that "Infants under 5 months of age who have been in an institution for some time present a well-defined picture. The outstanding features are listlessness, relative immobility, quietness, poor sleep, an appearance of unhappiness, etc." Another investigation of children separated from their mothers at 6 to 12 months and not provided with an adequate substitute comes to much the same conclusion.
Most significant for our present point, these reactions are most likely to occur in children who, up to the time of separation at 6 to 9 months of age, had a happy relation with their mothers, while those whose relations were unhappy are relatively unaffected. It is at about this age that the struggle between trusting and mistrusting the world comes to a climax, for it is then that children first perceive clearly that they and their environment are things apart. That at this point formerly happy infants should react do badly to separation suggests, indeed, that they had a faith that now has been shattered.
In most primitive societies and in some sections of our own society, the attention accorded infants is more in line with natural processes. Throughout infancy the baby is surrounded by people who are ready to feed it, fondle it, and otherwise comfort it at a moment’s notice. Moreover, these ministrations are given spontaneously and wholeheartedly, and without that element of nervous concern that may characterize the efforts of young mothers made self-conscious and insecure by our scientific age.
We must not exaggerate, however. Most infants in our society too find smiles and comfort. As their own bodies come to be more dependable, there is added to the pleasures of increasing sensory response and motor control the pleasure of the mothers’ encouragement. Then, too, psychologists tell us that mothers create a sense of trust in their children not by the particular techniques they employ but by the sensitiveness with which they respond to the children’s needs and by their overall attitude.
Babies might mistrust the world if ______.
选项
A、they did not receive food when they were hungry
B、they mastered their body movements too quickly
C、someone came too close to them
D、they saw an object disappear
答案
A
解析
从文中可知,如果婴儿饥饿时没有得到食物,他们就会对世界产生不信任。因此A项为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/0m9O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
IwasintroducedtotheconceptofliteracyanimatorinOladumiArigbede’s(1994)articleonhighilliteracyratesamongwomena
TheIndiansrisesoonasitislight,thechildrenrundowntotherivertoswim,thewomangotothecreektobringfreshwater
Thekidsarehangingout.Theyarenotoldenoughforjobs.Noraretheyrichenoughforcamp.Theyareschoolchildrenwithout
Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First.itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforex
Herbest-knownpaintingsarethoseinwhichshemagnifiedflowersoranimalskullstofillthepicture.
Somepeoplefeelthattelevisionshouldgiveless______tosport.
Theoppositeofadaptivedivergenceisaninterestingandfairlycommonexpressionofevolution.Whereasrelatedgroupsoforgan
ThePullmanStrikeof1894tieduptransportationandwasfinallyendedonlybygovernmentintervention.
Forgatheringdataaboutindividualsorgroupsatdifferentdevelopmentallevels,researcherscanusetwo.relatedresearchdesi
Everhearofthelemming?Lemmingsarearcticrat-likeanimalswithveryoddhabits:periodically,forunknownreasons,theymas
随机试题
甲市A铅锌矿有限责任公司现有职工304人,其中专业技术人员21人,专职安全管理人员7人,兼职安全员46人,特种作业人员56人。矿山现有25m、-20m、-70m、-120m四个中段,其中20m、-70m、-120m是生产中段。矿山现有5个斜井,其中1号斜井
Borrowingtostartabusinessisnoteasy.Gettingabankloan,particularlyforanewsmallbusiness,islikegoingthroughthe
在哲学史中我们可以看到,各种唯心主义派别之间的差异和矛盾,常常有利于唯物主义的发展,这一事实说明()
关于胸大肌的描述,正确的是
下列属于栓剂油脂性基质的是
招标与评标程序中,表述错误的为()。
设计目标层次时,一天的培训不要超过()个目标。
邓小平同志指出:“解决民族问题,中国采取的不是民族共和国联邦的制度,而是民族区域自治的制度。我们认为这个制度比较好,适合中国的情况。”我国实行民族区域自治的历史依据是()。
WhatdowelearnfromtheconversationaboutMissRowling’sfirstbook?
Inthispartofthetestyouaregivenadiscussiontopic.Youhave30secondstolookatthepromptcard,anexampleofwhich
最新回复
(
0
)