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  3. Anthropology Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physic

Anthropology Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physic

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问题                                      Anthropology
      Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics and industrial techniques, those conventions and values, which distinguish one community from all others that belong to a different tradition.
      The distinguishing mark of anthropology among the social sciences is that it includes for serious study other societies than our own. For its purposes any social regulation of mating and reproduction is as significant as our own, though it may be that of the Sea Dyaks, and have no possible historical relation to that of our civilization. To the anthropologist, our customs and those of a New Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for dealing with a common problem, and in so far as he remains an anthropologist he is bound to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other. He is interested in human behavior, not as it is shaped by one tradition, our own, but as it has been shaped by any tradition whatsoever. He is interested in a wide range of custom that is found in various cultures, and his object is to understand the way in which these cultures change and differentiate, the different forms through which they express themselves and the manner in which the customs of any people function in the lives of the individuals.
      Now customs has been commonly regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact, it is the other way round. Traditional custom is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter. The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays inexperience and belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.  
For serious study, an anthropologist ______.
选项 A、is obliged to work only on those societies which have no historical relationship to each other
B、must not study his own culture
C、is not supposed to have a prejudice against any society
D、should focus on those societies which are historically related to each other
答案C
解析 要进行严肃研究，人类学家：A不得不只研究那些没有历史联系的社会；B不应该研究自己的文化； C不应歧视任何社会；D应该重点研究那些有历史联系的社会。
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