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The Men and Women of the University Living a Ratio Margin in American The prospects for women who are scientists and enginee

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问题         The Men and Women of the University Living a Ratio Margin in American
    The prospects for women who are scientists and engineers at major research universities have improved, although women continue to face unfair treatment in salary and access to some other resources. A pane! of the National Research Council concludes in a new report. In recent years "men and women faculty in science, engineering and mathematics have enjoyed comparable opportunities" , said the report. It found that women who applied for university jobs and,once they had them, for promotion and tenure were at least as likely to succeed as men.
    In another report, The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers at the University of Wisconsin who reviewed a variety of studies concluded that the achievement gap between boys and girls in mathematics performance had narrowed to the vanishing point. Although girls are still of a smaller number in the ranks of young math prodigies, they said, that gap is narrowing. The researchers said this and other circumstances provide abundant evidence for the impact of social, cultural and other environmental factors on the development of mathematical skills of different genders.
    The research council, an arm of the National Academy of Sciences, gathered its expert panel at the request of Congress. The panel surveyed six disciplines—biolociy chemistry, mathematics, civil and electrical engineering, and physics—and based its analysis on interviews with faculty members at 89 institutions and data from federal agencies, professional societies and other sources. The panel was led by Claude R. Canizares, a physicist who is vice president for research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Dr. Sally E. Shaywitz of the Yale School of Medicine, an expert on learning.
    The Wisconsin researchers, Janet S. Hyde and Janet E. Mertz, studied data from 10 states collected in tests authorized by the No Child Left Behind Act as well as data from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, a federal testing program. Differences between girls’ and boys’ performance in the 10 states were "close to zero in all grades", they said, even in high schools where gaps had existed earlier. In the national assessment, they said, differences between girls’ and boys’ performance were "trivial".
What’s the main topic of the passage?
选项 A、The achievement of female scientists and engineers in universities.
B、The unfair treatment towards female in research universities.
C、The national study of teaching methods of mathematics education.
D、The improved situation for women in science opportunities.
答案D
解析 主旨大意题。文章第一段说大学中从事科学和工程学研究的女性教师的前景有所改善，享有的机会与男性相当。在后面的三段中，作者通过两个实验研究的结论又说明在中小学数学教育中，男女的差距在减小，甚至小到可以忽略不计。所以文章的主题是[D]“女性在理科研究中的机会增加”。文章没有说大学中的女性在科学和工程学方面都有什么成就，因此排除[A]；文章第一段说虽然在工资和其他资源权限方面，大学中的女性还是遭受不平等待遇，但是她们在研究成果方面与男性的机会相当，所以，文章的主题不是女性的不平等待遇，故排除[B]；文章没有涉及到教学方法的内容，所以排除[C]。
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