In the American family the husband and wife usually share important decision-making. When the children are old enough, they take

In the American family the husband and wife usually share important decision-making. When the children are old enough, they take part, as well. Foreigners are often(36)surprised by the permissiveness of American parents. The old rule that " children should be seen and not heard" is(37)rarely followed, and children are often allowed to do what they wish without strict parental,(父母的)(38)control. The father seldom expects his children to(39)obey him without question, and children are encouraged to be(40)independent at an early age.
    Some people believe that American parents carry this (41)freedom too far. Others think that a strong father (42)image would not suit the American values of equality and independence. Because Americans(43)emphasize the importance of independence, young people are expected to break away from their parental families by the time they have reached their late teens or early twenties.(44)Indeed, not to do so is often regarded as a failure, a kind of weak dependence.
    This pattern of independence often results in serious problems for the aging parents of a small family. The average American is expected to live beyond the age of 70. The retirement age is usually 65.(45)The children have left home, married and set up their own households. At least 20 percent of all people over 65 do not have enough retirement incomes. But the major problem of many elderly couples is not economic.(46)They feel useless and lonely with neither an occupation nor a close family group.