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Come on—Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear

admin2016-01-05  49
问题     Come on—Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.
    Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of examples of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as loveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.
    The idea seems promising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. "Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!" pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers—teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.
    But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the loveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.
    There’ s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits—as well as negative ones—spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.
    Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It’ s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’ s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.
In the author’ s view, Rosenberg’ s book fails to
选项 A、adequately probe social and biological factors.
B、effectively evade the flaws of the social cure.
C、illustrate the functions of state funding.
D、produce a long-lasting social effect.
答案A
解析 推断题。题干“在作者看来，Rosenberg的书未能——”，本题是要问在作者眼中这本书的缺点，因此定位到文章第四段。第二句Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and notenough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful．(书中充斥着太多无关的细节，却没有充分探索那些使同侪压力如此强大的社会和生物因素)，只有A项“(未能)充分探究社会和生物因素”信息与之吻合，fails to adequately probe social and biological factors就是对原文not enough exploration of the social and biological factors的同义再现。B项“(未能)有效避免社会治疗的缺点”原文未提，C项“(未能)阐释政府资助的功能”和D项“(未能)产生持久的社会效果”属于张冠李戴。
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